Call  024 7622 2002. Registered with BUPA. AXA PPP. HSA. AVIVA. CIGNA. Simpleyhealth.Standard life. Pru health.Mercia health.Medicash Medisure. All health insurance accepted.

Cervical Disc Injuries

Most cervical disc injuries are caused by hyperextension, which results in compression of the cervical area 

Flexion injuries in the cervical area do not result in nerve compression.

Symptoms of Cervical Disc Injuries

The Pain may cause loss of sensation or tingling/pins and needles to the arms and weakness are the main symptoms and signs of cervical disc injury. The pain is most noticeable symptom and it is usually the only one. Cervical disc injury can complicated by compression of either a cervical nerve root or by a compression of the spinal cord, but this reported injury is very infrequent.  When compression of the nervous tissue occurs, patients may report different sensations other than pain. Weakness to the legs/leg this is called spinal cord compression. if the arms/arm are  affected this is called nerve root compression

Pain can be felt in the neck or arm. 

Pain is always in the area of the neck and upper back between the shoulder blades. This is due to inflammation of the disk and the cervical vertebra joints. Sever inflammation can flare up after a minor added injury or for other unknown reasons. Neck and shoulder pain are due to the disc bulges that herniates, and stretches the posterior longitudinal ligament.  

b. Rarely, the pain will be felt down the arm.  This pain can be lightning, caused or aggravated by movements of the neck, or can be dull and persistent. Pre-existing neck pain is also present in many individuals. After the arm pain starts, some people report feeling less pain in their neck. When arm pain is present, it is usually because of a combination of disc herniation and bony spurs compressing a nerve root. A free disc fragment can also intrude on a cervical root and cause quite a bit of pain in shoulder or down the arm.

 2. Sensory symptoms other then pain.

When felt in only one arm, they are due to compression of a cervical root and felt in the territory of the cervical root. The C4 root mainly supplies the shoulder with nerves, while the C5 root supplies primarily the arm. The C6 root supplies nerves to the radial side of the forearm, the C7 root addresses the arm and forearm, and the C8 and the T1 root handle mostly the hand. Broadly speaking, two types of sensory symptoms are felt: loss of sensation and new sensations. A loss of sensation is simply numbness. New sensations include tingling (pins and needles), heat, or cold sensations.

If the spinal cord is compressed, most patients report losing sensation in their hand and in the lower part of their body. (Numbness) They have difficulty feeling the floor when they walk and cannot feel that their bladder is full or inconstancy this is an emergency and patients should be brought to the hospital right away.

3. Motor symptoms and signs.

Weakness of one arm (the other one being normal) only signals a compression of a nerve root. A compression of C4 results in a weak shoulder; C5 indicates a weak bicep muscle; C6 represents a weak wrist, thumb, and index finger; C7 is a weak tricep, extension of the fingers, and pectoralis muscles; C8 designates weak flexion of the fingers; and T1 corresponds to a weak hand.

 Emergency treatment.

If the spinal cord is compressed, patients report having difficulty walking and weak legs and hands, numbness these can be the only symptoms and should be treated as an emergency.

Although neck pain can be caused by injury, such as ‘whiplash’ injuries, it is often caused by the cumulative effect of improper sitting posture, reading in bed, poor work habits, stomach sleeping, lack of proper exercise and other lifestyle-related factors. All of these factors cause misalignments in the spine and eventually pain. In fact, the most important factor producing neck pain appears to be spinal misalignments. Even for people who complain that “stress” is causing their pain, the great majority of those have significant spinal misalignments that are contributing to their condition.

Uncorrected chronic spinal misalignments can eventually cause neck pain. As a spinal misalignment worsens, pressure can be put on delicate nerves, sending the surrounding neck muscles go into painful and movement-limiting spasm, headache, even numbness, tingling or weakness in the arms or hands

Neck pain as well as “whiplash”(WAD) injuries and both conditions can result in headaches and all three are commonly treated by Chiropractors.
The treatment is focused on the small joints in the back of the neck called facet joints that are responsible for neck pain. When these joints dysfunction but injury to the muscles he nerve fibers that innervate / act as sensors for these facet joints also serve to act as sensors to parts of the head. When this facet joints dysfunction these sensors become active, the brain cannot clearly differentiate between the facet joints and the mapping of the head and create the sensation of pain in a broader area- Headache.

FROM:   Journal of Orthopaedic Medicine 1999;   21 (1):   22–25uinversity Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Bristol, UK

Khan S, Cook J, Gargan M Bannister G 

Objective:   To determine which patients with chronic “whiplash” (WAD) will benefit from chiropractic treatment.

Design:   Retrospective review by structured telephone interviews of 93 consecutive patients seen in chiropractic clinic.

Setting:   Independent chiropractic clinic in a large city.

Subjects:   93 patients, 68 female.

Main outcome measure:   Gargan and Bannister grading pre and post treatment.

Results:   Three groups of patients were recognized. Group 1 consisted of patients with isolated neck pain associated with a restricted range of neck movement. Group 2 consisted of patients with neurological symptoms or signs associated with a restricted range of movement. Group 3 comprised patients who described severe neck pain but all of whom had a full range of neck movement. Patients in this group often described an unusual group of symptoms, with a bizarre, non-dermatomal pain distribution. There was a significant difference in outcome between the three groups (p<0.001) with only groups 1 and 2 improving following chiropractic manipulation.

Conclusion: “Whiplash”(WAD) and Neck injuries are common. Chiropractic is the only proven effective treatment in chronic cases. Our study enables patients to be classified at initial assessment in order to target those patients who will benefit from such treatment.

Journal of Orthaopedic Medicine 1999;   21 (1):   22–25 university Department of Orthaopedic Surgery

Call 024 7622 2002.Registered with BUPA. AXA PPP. HSA. AVIVA. CIGNA. Simpleyhealth. Standard life. Pru health. Mercia health.Medicash Medisure. All health insurance accepted.

Whiplash - Associated Disorder (WAD). The importance of medical advice. Uncomplicated and severe cases what are the symptoms?  Diagnosis.

Many people involved in rear-end car shunts will suffer “whiplash”(WAD) injury as a result. Sometimes they will be unaware that they have suffered whiplash injury and would fail to seek medical advice.  Many people do recover from the condition with time. However many do not, and the condition becomes chronic and may affect them for the rest of their life.

It is imperative therefore, for anybody to seek medical advice immediately if the ate suffering any of the following symptoms after a car crash:

·        Neck pain and stiffness.

·        Headaches

·        Numbness or pain in the arm or hand

·        Dizziness 

·        Blurred vision

·        Shoulder pain

·        Concentration difficulties

·        Ringing in the ears

·        Irritability

“Whiplash”(WAD) injury occurs when the body reacts to sudden deceleration or acceleration force causing hyperflexion or hyperextension of the neck.

“Whiplash”(WAD) injuries are associated with car accidents. The “whiplash”(WAD) injury is sustained when the muscles of the neck and shoulders do not have enough time to brace and hold the head during sudden acceleration or deceleration force application, leading to injuries of the muscles, ligaments, capsule of the facet joints and discs of cervical spine.

Uncomplicated cases

“Whiplash”(WAD) cases that are uncomplicated are the result of sprained ligaments in the neck. The muscles spasm naturally to form a protective mechanism for the neck. The “whiplash”(WAD) injury may cause a stiff neck and pain may be present down one or both arms if the nerve roots of cervical part of spinal cord get compressed.

Relief for “whiplash”(WAD) can be found with chiropractic treatment, physical therapy or pain medication.

****** Studies have shown that 35 of 39 patients, or 91%, of patients with chronic “whiplash”(WAD) benefited from chiropractic treatment ********

Severe cases

In severe cases of “whiplash”(WAD) may last for a month or more with persistent and in some cases constant pain. This may indicate that the “whiplash”(WAD) injury has extensive damage and resulting in discs rupturing and trapped nerves in the neck. This may also predispose to a “slipped”, ruptured or herniated disc in the back.

(See our Cold Laser Therapy Section under Inflammatory conditions.)

What are the symptoms?

·         Pain or stiffness in the neck, jaw, shoulders, back, or arms

·         Headaches

·         Dizziness

·         Blurred vision or ringing in the ears

·         Tingling or numbness in the arms, hands or shoulders

·         Memory loss or difficulty concentrating

·         Nervousness or irritability

·         Difficulty sleeping

·         Fatigue

·         Burning or prickling or tingling, particularly around your neck

·         Depression

·         Vertigo

What if I don’t feel anything at first, but start to have symptoms later?

This is typical of “whiplash” (WAD) Symptoms may occur right away but often do not begin to develop for several hours after the incident and then worsen over the next 36 to 72 hours.

How long do the symptoms last?

Most neck and head pain symptoms clear up within a few days or weeks,. For others, the recovery can take up to three or four months. But about 35 percent of people with whiplash report symptoms for up to a year, and about 15 percent of patients report permanent symptoms as a result of their injuries.

Diagnosis

Determining the source of the pain is essential to recommend the appropriate treatment and rehabilitation. Therefore, a comprehensive examination is required to determine the cause of neck pain.

“Whiplash”(WAD) is difficult to diagnose since most injuries are to soft tissues like muscles and ligaments and will not show up on an x-ray. If an  x-ray fails to reveal a problem, doctors will sometimes order specialized tests such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). But more often they will make a diagnosis based on your symptoms.

Your Chiropractor will take a complete history of the symptoms you are having with your neck. The Chiropractor may ask you about other illnesses, any injury that occurred to your neck, and any complaints you have associated with neck pain. Previous treatment for your neck condition will also be noted.

X-rays often will be obtained to allow your Chiropractor to look at the bones in your neck. This entails simple diagnostic imaging study (radiography) and aids your Chiropractor to determine the cause of neck pain and to prescribe effective treatment.

Further evaluation may involve the following:

·    MRI (magnetic resonance imaging). This non x-ray study allows an evaluation of the spinal cord and nerve roots.

·    CT (computed tomography). This specialized x-ray study allows careful evaluation of the bone and spinal canal.

·    EMG (electromyography). This test evaluates nerve and muscle function.

Treatment

The treatment of neck pain depends on the diagnosis. Most patients are treated successfully with Chiropractic Treatment. Also rest, medication, immobilization, exercise, activity modifications, or a combination of these methods can be very useful.

Inflammation is a result of stretching muscles and ligaments beyond their limits, (See also Cold Laser Therapy under conditions treated; this therapy is extremely affective in the treatment of inflammation). Surgery is required in very few cases to relieve neck pain. For most patients, a combination of Chiropractic treatment, rest, medication, and physical therapy will relieve neck pain. Surgery may be necessary to reduce pressure on the spinal cord or a nerve root when pain is caused by a herniated disc or bony narrowing of the spinal canal. Surgery may also be required following an injury to stabilize the neck and minimize the possibility of paralysis, such as when a fracture results in instability of the neck.

If you’ve seen your doctor about your injury and the symptoms persist for more than four weeks, it may be time for you to see a specialist. Such as a neurologist or chiropractor who can help diagnose your condition.

What is the treatment for Whiplash Associated Disorder (WAD) common term “whiplash?”

Doctors often prescribe anti-inflammatory painkillers or muscle relaxants. You can apply ice to the injured area to reduce pain and swelling for up to 15 minutes every hour. Chiropractic treatment is very effective in the management of “whiplash”(WAD).

(See also Cold Laser Therapy under Conditions Treated).

What can I do to help prevent “whiplash”(WAD)

Since the most common cause of the injury is car crashes, experts say safe driving, seatbelts, and properly adjusted headrests are your best protection against whiplash. Seatbelts help keep you from being thrown forward; a low headrest in your car allows your head to pivot backwards over the top during an accident: Always raise or lower your car’s headrest until the centre of the rest meets the centre of the back of your head. 

Call 02476 222002.Registered with BUPA. AXA PPP. HSA. AVIVA. CIGNA. Simpleyhealth. Standard life. Pru health. Mercia health.Medicash Medisure. All health insurance accepted.

The 4 Stages of Whiplash -Associated Disorder (WAD) 

Car drivers are finding out first hand through out the Warwickshire area. The short and the long-term effects of whiplash injuries.

The “whiplash” trauma has four stages during which the structures of the neck and back are subjected to various forces causing injuries to the structures of the neck, head and other parts of the spine.

Symptoms of “whiplash” usually develop within hours, but not all, some may take longer days, weeks or even months to appear, however their nature can vary enormously.

Stage 1

During stage 1 a person travelling in a car is suddenly jolted forward, then the seat begins to be pushed out from under the car occupant; this causes the middle of the back to be pushed against the back of the car seat. This results in an upward thrust in the cervical spine, compressing the discs and joints in the neck, as the back of the seat starts to thrusts the body forward, while the head is thrust backwards. These movements cause severe jolt to the neck.  Properly adjusted head restraints will limit the distance the head travels backwards. The damage to the spine will take place before the head reaches the head rest.

Stage 2

The body has reached an acceleration of one to two times that of the car, however the head has not started to accelerate forward and continues to move backward.  This produces abnormal S-curve in the cervical spine as the seat back recoils forward, the seat acts like a spring thrusting the body forward. This forward seat back spring action happens while the head is still moving backwards.

The result is a severe jolt to the neck resulting in the most damaging aspects of a “whiplash” injury.

Stage 3

The body is now falling back down into the seat while the head and neck are in forward acceleration as the car is slowing down. By decreasing the pressure on your brakes while in the first stages of the collision, the brakes will be reapplied during this stage. This reapplication of the brake causes the car to slow down much quicker and makes it much more probable the increase in severity of the flexing injury to the neck. As the forward movement takes place, the seat belt tightens and takes up the sack, as you move forward in your seat, any slack in your seat belt and shoulder harness is taken up.

Stage 4

The most damage is caused during the phase 4 of the “whiplash” phenomenon The seat belt stops the bodies inside the car from moving while the heads are moving freely forward thus creating violent forward motion and causing strain to the muscles and ligaments of the neck. This also causes tears to fibres in the spinal discs and jolts vertebrae out of their usual position. The spinal cord and nerves may get overstretched and irritated. The brain may hit the inside of the skull causing brain injury. By not wearing a seat belt and hitting the inside of the car, windscreen or steering wheel there is a greater chance of suffering  concussion or more severe brain injury.

Typical Symptoms Include;

• Pain and stiffness of the neck, extending up to the head and down to the shoulders
• Headache
• Numbness or tingling in the arms going down into the hands
• Low back pain
• Dizziness
• Mental problems, such as poor concentration, memory or mental performance
• Tiredness
• Ringing in the ears or tinnitus
• Blurred vision

“Whiplash” Injury for further in depth information on “Whiplash”, treatment, symptoms, or neck pain please go to top left corner under “pain” or “conditions” and for Cold laser treatment, under “Treatments”  

Call 024 7622 2002 Registered with BUPA. AXA PPP. HSA. AVIVA. CIGNA. Simpleyhealth. Standard life. Pru health. Mercia health.Medicash Medisure. All health insurance accepted.

Whiplash - Associated Disorder (WAD). The importance of medical advice. Uncomplicated  and severe cases what are the symptoms?  Diagnosis.

Many people involved in rear-end car shunts will suffer “whiplash”(WAD) injury as a result. Sometimes they will be unaware that they have suffered whiplash injury and would fail to seek medical advice.  Many people do recover from the condition with time. However many do not, and the condition becomes chronic and may affect them for the rest of their life.

It is imperative therefore, for anybody to seek medical advice immediately if the ate suffering any of the following symptoms after a car crash:

·        Neck pain and stiffness.

·        Headaches

·        Numbness or pain in the arm or hand

·        Dizziness 

·        Blurred vision

·        Shoulder pain

·        Concentration difficulties

·        Ringing in the ears

·        Irritability

“Whiplash”(WAD) injury occurs when the body reacts to sudden deceleration or acceleration force causing hyperflexion or hyperextension of the neck.

“Whiplash”(WAD) injuries are associated with car accidents. The “whiplash”(WAD) injury is sustained when the muscles of the neck and shoulders do not have enough time to brace and hold the head during sudden acceleration or deceleration force application, leading to injuries of the muscles, ligaments, capsule of the facet joints and discs of cervical spine.

Uncomplicated cases

“Whiplash”(WAD) cases that are uncomplicated are the result of sprained ligaments in the neck. The muscles spasm naturally to form a protective mechanism for the neck. The “whiplash”(WAD) injury may cause a stiff neck and pain may be present down one or both arms if the nerve roots of cervical part of spinal cord get compressed.

Relief for “whiplash”(WAD) can be found with chiropractic treatment, physical therapy or pain medication.

****** Studies have shown that 35 of 39 patients, or 91%, of patients with chronic “whiplash”(WAD) benefited from chiropractic treatment ********

Severe cases

In severe cases of “whiplash”(WAD) may last for a month or more with persistent and in some cases constant pain. This may indicate that the “whiplash”(WAD) injury has extensive damage and resulting in discs rupturing and trapped nerves in the neck. This may also predispose to a “slipped”, ruptured or herniated disc in the back.

(See our Cold Laser Therapy Section under Inflammatory conditions.)

What are the symptoms?

·         Pain or stiffness in the neck, jaw, shoulders, back, or arms

·         Headaches

·         Dizziness

·         Blurred vision or ringing in the ears

·         Tingling or numbness in the arms, hands or shoulders

·         Memory loss or difficulty concentrating

·         Nervousness or irritability

·         Difficulty sleeping

·         Fatigue

·         Burning or prickling or tingling, particularly around your neck

·         Depression

·         Vertigo

What if I don’t feel anything at first, but start to have symptoms later?

This is typical of “whiplash” (WAD) Symptoms may occur right away but often do not begin to develop for several hours after the incident and then worsen over the next 36 to 72 hours.

How long do the symptoms last?

Most neck and head pain symptoms clear up within a few days or weeks,. For others, the recovery can take up to three or four months. But about 35 percent of people with whiplash report symptoms for up to a year, and about 15 percent of patients report permanent symptoms as a result of their injuries.

Diagnosis

Determining the source of the pain is essential to recommend the appropriate treatment and rehabilitation. Therefore, a comprehensive examination is required to determine the cause of neck pain.

“Whiplash”(WAD) is difficult to diagnose since most injuries are to soft tissues like muscles and ligaments and will not show up on an x-ray. If an  x-ray fails to reveal a problem, doctors will sometimes order specialized tests such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). But more often they will make a diagnosis based on your symptoms.

Your Chiropractor will take a complete history of the symptoms you are having with your neck. The Chiropractor may ask you about other illnesses, any injury that occurred to your neck, and any complaints you have associated with neck pain. Previous treatment for your neck condition will also be noted.

X-rays often will be obtained to allow your Chiropractor to look at the bones in your neck. This entails simple diagnostic imaging study (radiography) and aids your Chiropractor to determine the cause of neck pain and to prescribe effective treatment.

Further evaluation may involve the following:

·    MRI (magnetic resonance imaging). This non x-ray study allows an evaluation of the spinal cord and nerve roots.

·    CT (computed tomography). This specialized x-ray study allows careful evaluation of the bone and spinal canal.

·    EMG (electromyography). This test evaluates nerve and muscle function.

Treatment

The treatment of neck pain depends on the diagnosis. Most patients are treated successfully with Chiropractic Treatment. Also rest, medication, immobilization, exercise, activity modifications, or a combination of these methods can be very useful.

Inflammation is a result of stretching muscles and ligaments beyond their limits, (See also Cold Laser Therapy under conditions treated; this therapy is extremely affective in the treatment of inflammation). Surgery is required in very few cases to relieve neck pain. For most patients, a combination of Chiropractic treatment, rest, medication, and physical therapy will relieve neck pain. Surgery may be necessary to reduce pressure on the spinal cord or a nerve root when pain is caused by a herniated disc or bony narrowing of the spinal canal. Surgery may also be required following an injury to stabilize the neck and minimize the possibility of paralysis, such as when a fracture results in instability of the neck.

If you’ve seen your doctor about your injury and the symptoms persist for more than four weeks, it may be time for you to see a specialist. Such as a neurologist or chiropractor who can help diagnose your condition.

What is the treatment for Whiplash Associated Disorder (WAD) common term “whiplash?”

Doctors often prescribe anti-inflammatory painkillers or muscle relaxants. You can apply ice to the injured area to reduce pain and swelling for up to 15 minutes every hour. Chiropractic treatment is very effective in the management of “whiplash”(WAD).

(See also Cold Laser Therapy under Conditions Treated).

What can I do to help prevent “whiplash”(WAD)

Since the most common cause of the injury is car crashes, experts say safe driving, seatbelts, and properly adjusted headrests are your best protection against whiplash. Seatbelts help keep you from being thrown forward; a low headrest in your car allows your head to pivot backwards over the top during an accident: Always raise or lower your car’s headrest until the centre of the rest meets the centre of the back of your head. 

Call 02476 222002 Registered with BUPA. AXA PPP. HSA. AVIVA. CIGNA. Simpleyhealth. Standard life. Pru health. Mercia health.Medicash Medisure. All health insurance accepted.

Neck pain  

Neck pain often can be caused by emotional or mental stress. The body’s common reaction to emotional stressors such as anger, fear or any other “out of comfort zone” situations is to assume the defence posture. This involves tightening of the muscles of the neck and shoulders, increased production of adrenalin and other mediators of inflammation.

If the stressful situation remains unresolved the tension in the muscles of the neck will continue to build up leading to a chronic build-up of waste by products in the muscles further exacerbating the pain and inflammation. In this particular instance dealing with the cause of the tension or changing body’s adaptive responses to stress will help to relax the muscles of the neck. Practices such as mediation or network spinal analysis will help increase body’s adaptive strategies allowing the muscles to remain relaxed. Massage would be also helpful although the results are often short-lived.

Symptoms 

The symptoms of neck problems and injuries can vary significantly depending of the cause. For example the pain radiating into the shoulder blade and arm and increasing on coughing or sneezing could be a symptom of a disc injury. A common disorder referred to as “cervical spondylosis” or degenerative joint disease would affect the bones and the discs of the neck. In this case the pain is usually worse in the morning and is associated with the stiffness and loss of neck mobility to a certain extent, a neck spasm with the head tilting to one side is called “torticollis” and is a result of severe nerves irritation of the neck

Chiropractic treatment involving manipulation would help to restore movement in the segments of the neck and take the pressure off the nerves thus easing the pain and discomfort. Treatment modalities such as clod laser therapy would aid in reducing inflammation associated with degenerative joint disease and disc damage.

 Neck Pain for further information in depth on neck pain or whiplash, please go to top left corner under “Pain” or “Conditions” and “Treatment” for Cold Laser Therapy.  

Cold laser Therapy for pain relief and recovery. Running   Hip Injuries are commonly sustain a type of hip injury called hip bursitis and referred to as trochanteric bursitis, Cold laser Therapy for pain relief and recovery 

Hip injury

Hip injury normally results from an overuse or repetitive strain or caused by trauma. As the hip is a large joint it is subjected to excessive stress as well as being relatively poorly protected with an insufficient covering of tissues. A hip injury is a common feature of many sports.

Runners and those involved in running sports commonly sustain a type of hip injury called hip bursitis, and referred to as trochanteric bursitis. As with many weight bearing joints in the body, a cushioning sac, known as a bursa, is positioned within the joint to aid in the absorption of any impacted or shock generated either through movement or by contact. When the bursa becomes inflamed through irritation caused by severe strain this type of hip produces severe to moderate pain.

Cold laser Therapy/Treatment

The lasers used at Central Chiropractic Clinic are certified as Cold Laser.  For the past 30 years the technology of Cold Laser Therapy (also known as Low Level Laser Therapy) has been formally accepted in North America and in many other parts of the world such as Europe, Russia and Japan.  In all this time there have been no recorded long-term adverse effects from low level laser therapy.  It is considered to be non-invasive, painless and safe.

Cold Laser Therapy uses laser light energy to stimulate cells to function optimally.  In the body light sensitive chromophores and other elements within the cell absorb energy initiating a series of important photochemical changes such as increased production of ATP. The mitochondria and Kreb’s Cycle stimulation initiates the production of ATP, providing the cell with the extra energy needed to accelerate the healing process and positively influence pain.  These activities can occur in all types of cells and includes ligament, nerves, cartilage and muscle.

Low Level Cold Laser Therapy (LLLT) is a Handheld, non-invasive, light-emitting medical device which is used over different areas of the body. It provides an unmatched advantage in the treatment of conditions such as; Hip Pain, Back pain, Slipped disc, prolapsed disc, herniated disc, Trapped nerves, Sciatica, Lower Back Pain, Sacroiliac Joints. “Whiplash” (WAD) and Neck Pain/ injuries.

Hip Pain, injuries and conditions.

Athletic and sports Injuries

Lower Back Pain
Knee and Foot Pain
Shoulder Injury
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Arthritic Pain Relief and Muscle Spasm
Relief of Muscle and Joint Pain
Skin infections

Wound Management including Skin Ulcers, Pressure Sores and Burns.

Soft Tissue Injuries including Sprains and Strains, Tendonitis and Haematomas.

Joint Disorders including Arthritic pain relief and Tenosynovitis.

Chronic pain such as Trigeminal Neuralgia and Neck and Back pain.

For further in depth information on Hip Pain Sciatica, Lower back pain trapped nerves. Please go to top left corner under “Pain” or “Conditions”.

See also Cold Laser Therapy under “Treatments” for effective pain Relief and healing.

Hip Anatomy

The hip joint is a ball and socket joint. The ball is formed by the top of the thigh bone (femur) and is called the “head” of the femur. The socket is formed by the bones of the pelvis and is called the acetabulum.  Ligaments tendons and muscles hold the head of the femur (the ball) in the acetabulum (the socket).

Articular cartilage is a smooth material that covers the head of the femur and the acetabulum. Articular cartilage covers the bony surfaces wherever they come into contact with each other. Articular cartilage allows the head of the femur to move freely inside the acetabulum as the leg moves. Fluid also aids the head of the femur move freely inside the acetabulum. This fluid is called synovial fluid and provides and lubrication to the hip joint.

The hip joint is surrounded by a “sack” called a joint capsule. Ligaments are like strong fibrous rope like structures that help connect bones and provide stability to joints. Ligaments reinforce the capsule and connect the head of the femur to the acetabulum. These ligaments prevent the head of the femur from coming out of the acetabulum. Larger, stronger ligaments also provide stability to the hip joint.

The acetabulum has a ring of tissue called the labrum (this circles the acetabulum) the labrum also helps provide stability to the hip.

Tendons connect muscles to bone. There are various muscles that surround the hip joint. These muscles and their tendons provide stability to the hip joint when the leg is moved. These muscles are also necessary for activities such as running, jumping and walking.

The hamstring muscles (are at the back of the leg) act with the gluteus maximus (the “buttock muscle”) to move the leg backwards at the hip. The hip flexors (iliopsoas and rectus femoris) move the leg forward at the hip. The groin muscles (adductor magnus and longus) move leg toward the midline of the body. The abductor group (gluteus medius, gluteus minimus and tensor fascia lata) move the leg away from the body and are also stabilize the hip joint.

A bursa or bursae is a small sac of fluid which limits friction between  muscles tendons and bones. The princable bursa of the hip joint is the bursa of the greater trochanter. This bursa is placed outside of the hip joint. An injury can occur by a direct blow  or falling directly onto the outside of the hip or from overuse.

One of the most common causes of hip pain is the inflammation of the bursa called hip bursitis. A bursa is a fluid filled sac that allows extra protection for the tendons on motion between two uneven surfaces. For example, in the hip, a bursa rests between the bony prominence over the outside of the hip (the greater trochanter) and the firm tendon that passed over this bone. When the tendon has to move over the bone and over the inflamed bursa it will result in pain. Because patients with hip bursitis move this tendon with each step, hip bursitis symptoms can be quite painful. Hip bursitis presents as the pain on  the outside of the upper thigh. Management of hip bursitis is often directed on balancing the function of hip, knee and pelvis thus eliminating the cause of the pain as well as local application of the cold laser directed on suppression of inflammation and accelerating healing of the soft tissue.

Hip injury for further in depth information on hip pain and injury, please go to top left corner under “Pain” Or “Conditions” and “Treatments” for Cold Laser Therapy 

Call 02476 222002 Registered with BUPA. AXA PPP. HSA. AVIVA. CIGNA. Simpleyhealth. Standard life. Pru health. Mercia health.Medicash Medisure. All health insurance accepted.

Neck pain  

Neck pain often can be caused by emotional or mental stress. The body’s common reaction to emotional stressors such as anger, fear or any other “out of comfort zone” situations is to assume the defence posture. This involves tightening of the muscles of the neck and shoulders, increased production of adrenalin and other mediators of inflammation.

If the stressful situation remains unresolved the tension in the muscles of the neck will continue to build up leading to a chronic build-up of waste by products in the muscles further exacerbating the pain and inflammation. In this particular instance dealing with the cause of the tension or changing body’s adaptive responses to stress will help to relax the muscles of the neck. Practices such as mediation or network spinal analysis will help increase body’s adaptive strategies allowing the muscles to remain relaxed. Massage would be also helpful although the results are often short-lived.

Symptoms 

The symptoms of neck problems and injuries can vary significantly depending of the cause. For example the pain radiating into the shoulder blade and arm and increasing on coughing or sneezing could be a symptom of a disc injury. A common disorder referred to as “cervical spondylosis” or degenerative joint disease would affect the bones and the discs of the neck. In this case the pain is usually worse in the morning and is associated with the stiffness and loss of neck mobility to a certain extent, a neck spasm with the head tilting to one side is called “torticollis” and is a result of severe nerves irritation of the neck

Chiropractic treatment involving manipulation would help to restore movement in the segments of the neck and take the pressure off the nerves thus easing the pain and discomfort. Treatment modalities such as clod laser therapy would aid in reducing inflammation associated with degenerative joint disease and disc damage.

 Neck Pain for further information in depth on neck pain or whiplash, please go to top left corner under “Pain” or “Conditions” and “Treatment” for Cold Laser Therapy.  

Cold laser Therapy for pain relief and recovery. Running   Hip Injuries are commonly sustain a type of hip injury called hip bursitis and referred to as trochanteric bursitis, Cold laser Therapy for pain relief and recovery 

Hip injury

Hip injury normally results from an overuse or repetitive strain or caused by trauma. As the hip is a large joint it is subjected to excessive stress as well as being relatively poorly protected with an insufficient covering of tissues. A hip injury is a common feature of many sports.

Runners and those involved in running sports commonly sustain a type of hip injury called hip bursitis, and referred to as trochanteric bursitis. As with many weight bearing joints in the body, a cushioning sac, known as a bursa, is positioned within the joint to aid in the absorption of any impacted or shock generated either through movement or by contact. When the bursa becomes inflamed through irritation caused by severe strain this type of hip produces severe to moderate pain.

Cold laser Therapy/Treatment

The lasers used at Central Chiropractic Clinic are certified as Cold Laser.  For the past 30 years the technology of Cold Laser Therapy (also known as Low Level Laser Therapy) has been formally accepted in North America and in many other parts of the world such as Europe, Russia and Japan.  In all this time there have been no recorded long-term adverse effects from low level laser therapy.  It is considered to be non-invasive, painless and safe.

Cold Laser Therapy uses laser light energy to stimulate cells to function optimally.  In the body light sensitive chromophores and other elements within the cell absorb energy initiating a series of important photochemical changes such as increased production of ATP. The mitochondria and Kreb’s Cycle stimulation initiates the production of ATP, providing the cell with the extra energy needed to accelerate the healing process and positively influence pain.  These activities can occur in all types of cells and includes ligament, nerves, cartilage and muscle.

Low Level Cold Laser Therapy (LLLT) is a Handheld, non-invasive, light-emitting medical device which is used over different areas of the body. It provides an unmatched advantage in the treatment of conditions such as; Hip Pain, Back pain, Slipped disc, prolapsed disc, herniated disc, Trapped nerves, Sciatica, Lower Back Pain, Sacroiliac Joints. “Whiplash” (WAD) and Neck Pain/ injuries.

Hip Pain, injuries and conditions.

Athletic and sports Injuries

Lower Back Pain
Knee and Foot Pain
Shoulder Injury
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Arthritic Pain Relief and Muscle Spasm
Relief of Muscle and Joint Pain
Skin infections

Wound Management including Skin Ulcers, Pressure Sores and Burns.

Soft Tissue Injuries including Sprains and Strains, Tendonitis and Haematomas.

Joint Disorders including Arthritic pain relief and Tenosynovitis.

Chronic pain such as Trigeminal Neuralgia and Neck and Back pain.

For further in depth information on Hip Pain Sciatica, Lower back pain trapped nerves. Please go to top left corner under “Pain” or “Conditions”.

See also Cold Laser Therapy under “Treatments” for effective pain Relief and healing.

Hip Anatomy

The hip joint is a ball and socket joint. The ball is formed by the top of the thigh bone (femur) and is called the “head” of the femur. The socket is formed by the bones of the pelvis and is called the acetabulum.  Ligaments tendons and muscles hold the head of the femur (the ball) in the acetabulum (the socket).

Articular cartilage is a smooth material that covers the head of the femur and the acetabulum. Articular cartilage covers the bony surfaces wherever they come into contact with each other. Articular cartilage allows the head of the femur to move freely inside the acetabulum as the leg moves. Fluid also aids the head of the femur move freely inside the acetabulum. This fluid is called synovial fluid and provides and lubrication to the hip joint.

The hip joint is surrounded by a “sack” called a joint capsule. Ligaments are like strong fibrous rope like structures that help connect bones and provide stability to joints. Ligaments reinforce the capsule and connect the head of the femur to the acetabulum. These ligaments prevent the head of the femur from coming out of the acetabulum. Larger, stronger ligaments also provide stability to the hip joint.

The acetabulum has a ring of tissue called the labrum (this circles the acetabulum) the labrum also helps provide stability to the hip.

Tendons connect muscles to bone. There are various muscles that surround the hip joint. These muscles and their tendons provide stability to the hip joint when the leg is moved. These muscles are also necessary for activities such as running, jumping and walking.

The hamstring muscles (are at the back of the leg) act with the gluteus maximus (the “buttock muscle”) to move the leg backwards at the hip. The hip flexors (iliopsoas and rectus femoris) move the leg forward at the hip. The groin muscles (adductor magnus and longus) move leg toward the midline of the body. The abductor group (gluteus medius, gluteus minimus and tensor fascia lata) move the leg away from the body and are also stabilize the hip joint.

A bursa or bursae is a small sac of fluid which limits friction between  muscles tendons and bones. The princable bursa of the hip joint is the bursa of the greater trochanter. This bursa is placed outside of the hip joint. An injury can occur by a direct blow  or falling directly onto the outside of the hip or from overuse.

One of the most common causes of hip pain is the inflammation of the bursa called hip bursitis. A bursa is a fluid filled sac that allows extra protection for the tendons on motion between two uneven surfaces. For example, in the hip, a bursa rests between the bony prominence over the outside of the hip (the greater trochanter) and the firm tendon that passed over this bone. When the tendon has to move over the bone and over the inflamed bursa it will result in pain. Because patients with hip bursitis move this tendon with each step, hip bursitis symptoms can be quite painful. Hip bursitis presents as the pain on  the outside of the upper thigh. Management of hip bursitis is often directed on balancing the function of hip, knee and pelvis thus eliminating the cause of the pain as well as local application of the cold laser directed on suppression of inflammation and accelerating healing of the soft tissue.

Hip injury for further in depth information on hip pain and injury, please go to top left corner under “Pain” Or “Conditions” and “Treatments” for Cold Laser Therapy 

Call 02476 222002. Registered with BUPA. AXA PPP. HSA. AVIVA. CIGNA. Simpleyhealth. Standard life. Pru health. Mercia health. All health insurance accepted.

Whiplash -Associated Disorder (WAD) From the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Bristol UK. and Journal of Orthopaedic Medicine U.K. 

Whiplash -Associated Disorder (WAD) Common term “Whiplash”

Conclusion: “Whiplash” (WAD) and neck injuries are common. Chiropractic is the only proven effective treatment in chronic cases. Our study enables patients to be classified at initial assessment in order to target those patients who will benefit from such treatment. 

Cervicalgia. Cervical disc injuries. Cervicogenic headaches. Whiplash Associated Disorder (WAD). Commonly known as “WHIPLASH”. Neck Pain,

What is neck pain?

Neck pain is a very common medical condition, and one seen many times by chiropractors Coventry. Neck pain can come from many different disorders and diseases which affect the tissues in the neck, such as degenerative disc disease, neck strain, whiplash, herniated disc, or a pinched or trapped nerve or nerves. Neck pain is also referred to as cervical pain.

Symptoms

Neck pain is associated with a dull ache or aching around the afflicted area and will become worse as the neck is moved.  Other symptoms associated with neck pain include numbness, tingling, tenderness, sharp and shooting pains, headaches, difficulty swallowing, pulsations, dizziness or light headedness. It is also possible for the neck glands to swell.

Treatments for Neck Pain

Neck pain treatment options include rest, ice applications, physical therapy chiropractic manipulation, local injections of cortisone or anesthetics, muscle relaxants, analgesics, and surgical procedures. Cold Laser Therapy is also a possible form of treatment.

Neck and back pain are usually common conditions or injuries to the neck and back. The pain may come on gradually, or it may be acute and come on suddenly. Bad posture is a common cause in the onset of this pain but it is not the only cause. Chiropractors understand the various causes of neck pain, and can offer advice.

 

Cervical Disc Injuries

Most cervical disc injuries are caused by hyperextension, which results in compression of the cervical area 

Flexion injuries in the cervical area do not result in nerve compression.

Symptoms of Cervical Disc Injuries

The Pain may cause loss of sensation or tingling/pins and needles to the arms, and weakness are the main symptoms and signs of cervical disc injury. The pain is most noticeable symptom and it is usually the only one. Cervical disc injury can complicated by compression of either a cervical nerve root or by a compression of the spinal cord, but this reported injury is very infrequent.  When compression of the nervous tissue occurs, patients may report different sensations other than pain. weakness to the legs/leg this is called spinal cord compression. if the arms/arm are  affected this is called nerve root compression

Pain can be felt in the neck or arm. 

Pain is always in the area of the neck and upper back between the shoulder blades. This is due to inflammation of the disc and the cervical vertebra joints. Sever inflammation can flare up after a minor added injury or for other unknown reasons. Neck and shoulder pain are due to the disc bulges that herniates, and stretches the posterior longitudinal ligament.  

b. Rarely, the pain will be felt down the arm.  This pain can be lightning, caused or aggravated by movements of the neck, or can be dull and persistent. Pre-existing neck pain is also present in many individuals. After the arm pain starts, some people report feeling less pain in their neck. When arm pain is present, it is usually because of a combination of disc herniation and bony spurs compressing a nerve root. A free disc fragment can also intrude on a cervical root and cause quite a bit of pain in shoulder or down the arm.

 2. Sensory symptoms other then pain.

When felt in only one arm, they are due to compression of a cervical root and felt in the territory of the cervical root. The C4 root mainly supplies the shoulder with nerves, while the C5 root supplies primarily the arm. The C6 root supplies nerves to the radial side of the forearm, the C7 root addresses the arm and forearm, and the C8 and the T1 root handle mostly the hand. Broadly speaking, two types of sensory symptoms are felt: loss of sensation and new sensations. A loss of sensation is simply numbness. New sensations include tingling (pins and needles), heat, or cold sensations.

If the spinal cord is compressed, most patients report losing sensation in their hand and in the lower part of their body. (Numbness) They have difficulty feeling the floor when they walk and cannot feel that their bladder is full or inconstancy this is an emergency and patients should be brought to the hospital right away.

3. Motor symptoms and signs.

Weakness of one arm (the other one being normal) only signals a compression of a nerve root. A compression of C4 results in a weak shoulder; C5 indicates a weak bicep muscle; C6 represents a weak wrist, thumb, and index finger; C7 is a weak tricep, extension of the fingers, and pectoralis muscles; C8 designates weak flexion of the fingers; and T1 corresponds to a weak hand.

 Emergency Treatment.

If the spinal cord is compressed, patients report having difficulty walking and weak legs and hands, numbness these can be the only symptoms and should be treated as an emergency.

Although neck pain can be caused by injury, such as ‘whiplash’ injuries, it is often caused by the cumulative effect of improper sitting posture, reading in bed, poor work habits, stomach sleeping, lack of proper exercise and other lifestyle-related factors. All of these factors cause misalignments in the spine and eventually pain. In fact, the most important factor producing neck pain appears to be spinal misalignments. Even for people who complain that “stress” is causing their pain, the great majority of those have significant spinal misalignments that are contributing to their condition.

Uncorrected chronic spinal misalignments can eventually cause neck pain. As a spinal misalignment worsens, pressure can be put on delicate nerves, sending the surrounding neck muscles go into painful and movement-limiting spasm, headache, even numbness, tingling or weakness in the arms or hands

Cervicalgia

The neck muscles are constantly placed under tension, although this tension helps to keep the head in position i.e. upright. However, the muscles in the neck are more prone to becoming stiff and painful as a result of this tension. As a result of violent movement or sudden impact (sometimes known as “whiplash” (WAD).
Cervicalgia is a localised pain that does not radiate through into other areas of the neck.

Symptoms include:

·         A sharp pain in the neck

·         Neck ache

·         Pain resulting from head movement

·         Pain radiating to the shoulders, arms and fingers

It also may radiate pain into other areas; this is usually caused by a trapped nerve or nerves. Nerves can become trapped by tight muscles, disc damage, or the formation of bony deposits. Radiating pain in the neck which affects the shoulders and arms may also affect the fingers.

Neck dysfunction can result in dizziness, nausea or headaches but it can be successfully treated by Cold Laser Therapy, one of the treatments offered by Central Chiropractic Clinic

Cervicogenic headaches  

Cervicogenic headaches are defined as headaches originating from the neck. The location is typically at the back of the head, sides and top of the head as well as around the forehead and eyes affecting one or more of the above regions at once. These headaches can be located on one or both sides of the head. Cervicogenic headaches are usually associated with dysfunction of the upper neck which can present itself as neck pain or local tenderness, reduced neck range of motion and exacerbation of the headaches by neck movement. The past history of neck trauma is typical for this type of headaches.

 

The cervicogenic headaches are caused by irritation of nerve endings of injured joints, ligaments, muscles and discs of the neck. The nerve endings in the injured areas send pain signals up the upper nerves of the neck to the brain causing “cross wiring” with the fibers of the trigeminal nerve (one of the nerves in the head) which is responsible for perception of the head pain thus causing the headaches.

Cervical Disc Injuries

Most cervical disc injuries are caused by hyperextension, which results in compression of the cervical area 

Flexion injuries in the cervical area do not result in nerve compression.

Symptoms of Cervical Disc Injuries

The Pain may cause loss of sensation or tingling/pins and needles to the arms, and weakness are the main symptoms and signs of cervical disc injury. The pain is most noticeable symptom and it is usually the only one. Cervical disc injury can complicated by compression of either a cervical nerve root or by a compression of the spinal cord, but this reported injury is very infrequent.  When compression of the nervous tissue occurs, patients may report different sensations other than pain. Weakness to the legs/leg this is called spinal cord compression. if the arms/arm are  affected this is called nerve root compression

Pain can be felt in the neck or arm. 

Pain is always in the area of the neck and upper back between the shoulder blades. This is due to inflammation of the disk and the cervical vertebra joints. Sever inflammation can flare up after a minor added injury or for other unknown reasons. Neck and shoulder pain are due to the disc bulges that herniates, and stretches the posterior longitudinal ligament.  

b. Rarely, the pain will be felt down the arm.  This pain can be lightning, caused or aggravated by movements of the neck, or can be dull and persistent. Pre-existing neck pain is also present in many individuals. After the arm pain starts, some people report feeling less pain in their neck. When arm pain is present, it is usually because of a combination of disc herniation and bony spurs compressing a nerve root. A free disc fragment can also intrude on a cervical root and cause quite a bit of pain in shoulder or down the arm.

 2. Sensory symptoms other then pain.

When felt in only one arm, they are due to compression of a cervical root and felt in the territory of the cervical root. The C4 root mainly supplies the shoulder with nerves, while the C5 root supplies primarily the arm. The C6 root supplies nerves to the radial side of the forearm, the C7 root addresses the arm and forearm, and the C8 and the T1 root handle mostly the hand. Broadly speaking, two types of sensory symptoms are felt: loss of sensation and new sensations. A loss of sensation is simply numbness. New sensations include tingling (pins and needles), heat, or cold sensations.

If the spinal cord is compressed, most patients report losing sensation in their hand and in the lower part of their body. (numbness) They have difficulty feeling the floor when they walk and cannot feel that their bladder is full or incontance this is an emergency and patients should be brought to the hospital right away.

3. Motor symptoms and signs.

Weakness of one arm (the other one being normal) only signals a compression of a nerve root. A compression of C4 results in a weak shoulder; C5 indicates a weak bicep muscle; C6 represents a weak wrist, thumb, and index finger; C7 is a weak tricep, extension of the fingers, and pectoralis muscles; C8 designates weak flexion of the fingers; and T1 corresponds to a weak hand.

 Emergency treatment.

If the spinal cord is compressed, patients report having difficulty walking and weak legs and hands, numbness these can be the only symptoms and should be treated as an emergency.

Although neck pain can be caused by injury, such as ‘whiplash’(WAD) injuries, it is often caused by the cumulative effect of improper sitting posture, reading in bed, poor work habits, stomach sleeping, lack of proper exercise and other lifestyle-related factors. All of these factors cause misalignments in the spine and eventually pain. In fact, the most important factor producing neck pain appears to be spinal misalignments. Even for people who complain that “stress” is causing their pain, the great majority of those have significant spinal misalignments that are contributing to their condition.

Uncorrected chronic spinal misalignments can eventually cause neck pain. As a spinal misalignment worsens, pressure can be put on delicate nerves, sending the surrounding neck muscles go into painful and movement-limiting spasm, headache, even numbness, tingling or weakness in the arms or hands

Neck pain as well as Whiplash – associated Disorder (WAD) injuries and both conditions can result in headaches and all three are commonly treated by Chiropractors.
The treatment is focused on the small joints in the back of the neck called facet joints that are responsible for neck pain. When these joints dysfunction but injury to the muscles he nerve fibres that innervate / act as sensors for these facet joints also serve to act as sensors to parts of the head. When these facet joints dysfunction these sensors become active, the brain cannot clearly differentiate between the facet joints and the mapping of the head and create the sensation of pain in a broader area- Headache.

Whiplash – Associated Disorder (WAD). common term “Whiplash”

From the Journal of Orthopaedic Medicine 1999;   21 (1):   22–25 university Department of Orthopaedic Surgery. Bristol. UK

Khan S. Cook J. Gargan M. Bannister G. 

Objective:   To determine which patients with chronic “whiplash” (WAD) will benefit from chiropractic treatment.

Design:   Retrospective review by structured telephone interviews of 93 consecutive patients seen in chiropractic clinic.

Setting:   Independent chiropractic clinic in a large city.

Subjects:   93 patients, 68 female.

Main outcome measure:   Gargan and Bannister grading pre and post treatment.

Results:   Three groups of patients were recognised. Group 1 consisted of patients with isolated neck pain associated with a restricted range of neck movement. Group 2 consisted of patients with neurological symptoms or signs associated with a restricted range of movement. Group 3 comprised patients who described severe neck pain but all of whom had a full range of neck movement. Patients in this group often described an unusual group of symptoms, with a bizarre, non-dermatomal pain distribution. There was a significant difference in outcome between the three groups (p<0.001) with only groups 1 and 2 improving following chiropractic manipulation.

Conclusion:   Whiplash Associated Disorder (WAD) and neck injuries are common. Chiropractic is the only proven effective treatment in chronic cases. Our study enables patients to be classified at initial assessment in order to target those patients who will benefit from such treatment.

Neck Anatomy

The head  weight of 12 lbs or more not only does the neck fully support all that weight, it enables the  head to turn or move up or down No other part of the spine has the ability to move so much: in forward motion, and in backward motion, this also includes the  side-to-side motion, and from  shoulder to shoulder. 

The neck is called the cervical spine, and it begins at the base of your skull. It contains 7 small bones (vertebrae), which doctors label C1 to C7 (the ‘C’ means cervical). The numbers 1 to 7 indicate the level of the vertebrae. C1 is nearest to the skull, while C7 is nearest to the chest.

In between each vertebra are tough fibrous shock-absorbing discs called the intervertebral discs. Each disc is made up of a gel-like outer band (annulus fibrosus) and a gel-like inner substance (nucleus pulposus).

Besides the bones and the discs, the neck consists of joints, muscles, and ligaments these stabilize and give the neck its full range of movement.

The neck is the upper part of the spinal cord, and consists of nerve roots, and an elaborate system of arteries and veins. The nerves in the neck help the brain communicate with the shoulders, arms, and chest. The arteries and veins circulate blood to both the brain and the heart.

For Further in depth Information on Neck pain or Headaches, please go to top left corner under ” Pain” or” Conditions.” For Cold Laser Therapy, please go to top left corner under “Treatments”

 

 

Call 02476 222002 . Registered with BUPA. AXA PPP. HSA. AVIVA. CIGNA. Simpleyhealth. Standard life. Pru health. Mercia health.Medicash Medisure. All health insurance accepted

What is neck pain?

Neck pain is a very common medical condition, and one seen many times by Physiotherapists. Neck pain can come from many different disorders and diseases which affect the tissues in the neck, such as degenerative disc disease, neck strain, whiplash, herniated disc, or a pinched or trapped nerve or nerves. Neck pain is also referred to as cervical pain.

Symptoms

Neck pain is associated with a dull ache or aching around the afflicted area and will become worse as the neck is moved.  Other symptoms associated with neck pain include numbness, tingling, tenderness, sharp and shooting pains, headaches, difficulty swallowing, pulsations, dizziness or lightheadedness. It is also possible for the neck glands to swell.

Treatments for Neck Pain

Neck pain treatment options include rest, ice applications, physical therapy chiropractic manipulation, local injections of cortisone or anesthetics, muscle relaxants, analgesics, and surgical procedures. Cold Laser Therapy is also a possible form of treatment.

Neck and back pain are usually common conditions or injuries to the neck and back. The pain may come on gradually, or it may be acute and come on suddenly. Bad posture is a common cause in the onset of this pain but it is not the only cause. Physiotherapists understand the various causes of neck pain, and can offer advice.

Cervicalgia

The neck muscles are constantly placed under tension, although this tension helps to keep the head in position i.e. upright. However, the muscles in the neck are more prone to becoming stiff and painful as a result of this tension. As a result of violent movement or sudden impact (sometimes known as “whiplash” (WAD)).
Cervicalgia is a localised pain that does not radiate through into other areas of the neck. Symptoms include:

·         A sharp pain in the neck

·         Neck ache

·         Pain resulting from head movement

·         Pain radiating to the shoulders, arms and fingers

It also may radiate pain into other areas; this is usually caused by a trapped nerve or nerves. Nerves can become trapped by tight muscles, disc damage, or the formation of bony deposits. Radiating pain in the neck which affects the shoulders and arms may also affect the fingers.

Neck dysfunction can result in dizziness, nausea or headaches but it can be successfully treated by Cold Laser Therapy is one of the treatments offered by Central Chiropractic and Physiotherapy Clinic.

Cervical Disc Injuries

Most cervical disc  injuries are caused by hyperextension, which results in compression of the cervical area 

Flexion injuries in the cervical area do not result in nerve compression.

Symptoms of Cervical Disc Injuries

The Pain may cause loss of sensation or tingling/pins and needles to the arms, and weakness are the main symptoms and signs of cervical disc injury. The pain is most noticeable symptom and it is usually the only one. Cervical disc injury can complicated by compression of either a cervical nerve root or by a compression of the spinal cord, but this reported injury is very infrequent.  When compression of the nervous tissue occurs, patients may report different sensations other than pain. weakness to the legs/leg this is called spinal cord compression. if the arms/arm are  affected this is called nerve root compression

Pain can be felt in the neck or arm. 

Pain is always in the area of the neck and upper back between the shoulder blades. This is due to inflammation of the disc and the cervical vertebra joints. Sever inflammation can flare up after a minor added injury or for other unknown reasons. Neck and shoulder pain are due to the disc bulges that herniates, and stretches the posterior longitudinal ligament.  

b. Rarely, the pain will be felt down the arm.  This pain can be lightning, caused or aggravated by movements of the neck, or can be dull and persistent. Pre-existing neck pain is also present in many individuals. After the arm pain starts, some people report feeling less pain in their neck. When arm pain is present, it is usually because of a combination of disc herniation and bony spurs compressing a nerve root. A free disc fragment can also intrude on a cervical root and cause quite a bit of pain in shoulder or down the arm.

 2. Sensory symptoms other then pain.

When felt in only one arm, they are due to compression of a cervical root and felt in the territory of the cervical root. The C4 root mainly supplies the shoulder with nerves, while the C5 root supplies primarily the arm. The C6 root supplies nerves to the radial side of the forearm, the C7 root addresses the arm and forearm, and the C8 and the T1 root handle mostly the hand. Broadly speaking, two types of sensory symptoms are felt: loss of sensation and new sensations. A loss of sensation is simply numbness. New sensations include tingling (pins and needles) heat or cold sensations.

If the spinal cord is compressed, most patients report losing sensation in their hand and in the lower part of their body. (Numbness) They have difficulty feeling the floor when they walk and cannot feel that their bladder is full or incontance, this is an emergency and patients should be brought to the hospital right away.

3. Motor symptoms and signs.

Weakness of one arm (the other one being normal) only signals a compression of a nerve root. A compression of C4 results in a weak shoulder; C5 indicates a weak bicep muscle; C6 represents a weak wrist, thumb, and index finger; C7 is a weak tricep, extension of the fingers, and pectoralis muscles; C8 designates weak flexion of the fingers; and T1 corresponds to a weak hand.

 Emergency Treatment.

If the spinal cord is compressed, patients report having difficulty walking and weak legs and hands, numbness these can be the only symptoms and should be treated as an emergency.

Although neck pain can be caused by injury, such as ‘whiplash’ injuries, it is often caused by the cumulative effect of improper sitting posture, reading in bed, poor work habits, stomach sleeping, lack of proper exercise and other lifestyle-related factors. All of these factors cause misalignments in the spine and eventually pain. In fact, the most important factor producing neck pain appears to be spinal misalignments. Even for people who complain that “stress” is causing their pain, the great majority of those have significant spinal misalignments that are contributing to their condition.

Uncorrected chronic spinal misalignments can eventually cause neck pain. As a spinal misalignment worsens, pressure can be put on delicate nerves, sending the surrounding neck muscles go into painful and movement-limiting spasm, headache, even numbness, tingling or weakness in the arms or hands

Cervicogenic headaches  

Cervicogenic headaches  are defined as headaches originating from the neck. The location is typically at the back of the head, sides and top of the head as well as around the forehead and eyes affecting one or more of the above regions at once. These headaches can be located on one or both sides of the head. Cervicogenic headaches are usually associated with dysfunction of the upper neck which can present itself as neck pain or local tenderness, reduced neck range of motion and exacerbation of the headaches by neck movement. The past history of neck trauma is typical for this type of headaches.

The cervicogenic headaches are caused by irritation of nerve endings of injured joints, ligaments, muscles and discs of the neck. The nerve endings in the injured areas send pain signals up the upper nerves of the neck to the brain causing “cross wiring” with the fibers of the trigeminal nerve (one of the nerves in the head) which is responsible for perception of the head pain thus causing the headaches.

Neck pain as well as “whiplash” (WAD) injuries and both conditions can result in headaches and all three are commonly treated by Chiropractors.
The treatment is focused on the small joints in the back of the neck called facet joints  that are responsible for neck pain. When these joints dysfunction but injury to the muscles he nerve fibres that innervate / act as sensors for these facet joints also serve to act as sensors to parts of the head. When these facet joints dysfunction these sensors become active, the brain cannot clearly differentiate between the facet joints and the mapping of the head and create the sensation of pain in a broader area- Headache.

Whiplash Associated Disorder (WAD). Common term “Whiplash”(WAD).

FROM:   Journal of Orthopaedic Medicine 1999;   21 (1):   22–25 university Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Bristol, UK

Khan S, Cook J, Gargan M, Bannister G 

Objective:   To determine which patients with chronic “whiplash” (WAD) will benefit from chiropractic treatment.

Design:   Retrospective review by structured telephone interviews of 93 consecutive patients seen in chiropractic clinic.

Setting:   Independent chiropractic clinic in a large city.

Subjects:   93 patients, 68 female.

Main outcome measure:   Gargan and Bannister grading pre and post treatment.

Results:   Three groups of patients were recognised. Group 1 consisted of patients with isolated neck pain associated with a restricted range of neck movement. Group 2 consisted of patients with neurological symptoms or signs associated with a restricted range of movement. Group 3 comprised patients who described severe neck pain but all of whom had a full range of neck movement. Patients in this group often described an unusual group of symptoms, with a bizarre, non-dermatomal pain distribution. There was a significant difference in outcome between the three groups (p<0.001) with only groups 1 and 2 improving following chiropractic manipulation.

Conclusion:   “Whiplash”(WAD) and neck injuries are common. Chiropractic is the only proven effective treatment in chronic cases. Our study enables patients to be classified at initial assessment in order to target those patients who will benefit from such treatment.

Neck Anatomy

The head  weight of 12 lbs or more not only does the neck fully support all that weight, it enables the  head to turn or move up or down No other part of the spine has the ability to move so much: in forward motion, and in backward motion, this also includes the  side-to-side motion, and from  shoulder to shoulder. 

The neck is called the cervical spine, and it begins at the base of your skull. It contains 7 small bones (vertebrae), which doctors label C1 to C7 (the ‘C’ means cervical). The numbers 1 to 7 indicate the level of the vertebrae. C1 is nearest to the skull, while C7 is nearest to the chest.

In between each vertebra are tough fibrous shock-absorbing discs called the intervertebral discs. Each disc is made up of a gel-like outer band (annulus fibrosus) and a gel-like inner substance (nucleus pulposus).

Besides the bones and the discs, the neck consists of joints, muscles, and ligaments these stabilize and give the neck its full range of movement.

The neck is the upper part of the spinal cord, and consists of nerve roots, and an elaborate system of arteries and veins. The nerves in the neck help the brain communicate with the shoulders, arms, and chest. The arteries and veins circulate blood to both the brain and the heart.

For Further in depth Information on Neck pain or Headaches, please go to top left corner under “Pain” or “Conditions.” For Cold Laser Therapy, please go to top left corner under “Treatments”

Call 02476 222002 . Registered with BUPA. AXA PPP. HSA. AVIVA. CIGNA. Simpleyhealth. Standard life. Pru health. Mercia health.Medicash Medisure. All health insurance accepted

What is neck pain?

Neck pain is a very common medical condition, and one seen many times by Physiotherapists. Neck pain can come from many different disorders and diseases which affect the tissues in the neck, such as degenerative disc disease, neck strain, whiplash, herniated disc, or a pinched or trapped nerve or nerves. Neck pain is also referred to as cervical pain.

Symptoms

Neck pain is associated with a dull ache or aching around the afflicted area and will become worse as the neck is moved.  Other symptoms associated with neck pain include numbness, tingling, tenderness, sharp and shooting pains, headaches, difficulty swallowing, pulsations, dizziness or lightheadedness. It is also possible for the neck glands to swell.

Treatments for Neck Pain

Neck pain treatment options include rest, ice applications, physical therapy chiropractic manipulation, local injections of cortisone or anesthetics, muscle relaxants, analgesics, and surgical procedures. Cold Laser Therapy is also a possible form of treatment.

Neck and back pain are usually common conditions or injuries to the neck and back. The pain may come on gradually, or it may be acute and come on suddenly. Bad posture is a common cause in the onset of this pain but it is not the only cause. Physiotherapists understand the various causes of neck pain, and can offer advice.

Cervicalgia

The neck muscles are constantly placed under tension, although this tension helps to keep the head in position i.e. upright. However, the muscles in the neck are more prone to becoming stiff and painful as a result of this tension. As a result of violent movement or sudden impact (sometimes known as “whiplash” (WAD)).
Cervicalgia is a localised pain that does not radiate through into other areas of the neck. Symptoms include:

·         A sharp pain in the neck

·         Neck ache

·         Pain resulting from head movement

·         Pain radiating to the shoulders, arms and fingers

It also may radiate pain into other areas; this is usually caused by a trapped nerve or nerves. Nerves can become trapped by tight muscles, disc damage, or the formation of bony deposits. Radiating pain in the neck which affects the shoulders and arms may also affect the fingers.

Neck dysfunction can result in dizziness, nausea or headaches but it can be successfully treated by Cold Laser Therapy is one of the treatments offered by Central Chiropractic and Physiotherapy Clinic.

Cervical Disc Injuries

Most cervical disc  injuries are caused by hyperextension, which results in compression of the cervical area 

Flexion injuries in the cervical area do not result in nerve compression.

Symptoms of Cervical Disc Injuries

The Pain may cause loss of sensation or tingling/pins and needles to the arms, and weakness are the main symptoms and signs of cervical disc injury. The pain is most noticeable symptom and it is usually the only one. Cervical disc injury can complicated by compression of either a cervical nerve root or by a compression of the spinal cord, but this reported injury is very infrequent.  When compression of the nervous tissue occurs, patients may report different sensations other than pain. weakness to the legs/leg this is called spinal cord compression. if the arms/arm are  affected this is called nerve root compression

Pain can be felt in the neck or arm. 

Pain is always in the area of the neck and upper back between the shoulder blades. This is due to inflammation of the disc and the cervical vertebra joints. Sever inflammation can flare up after a minor added injury or for other unknown reasons. Neck and shoulder pain are due to the disc bulges that herniates, and stretches the posterior longitudinal ligament.  

b. Rarely, the pain will be felt down the arm.  This pain can be lightning, caused or aggravated by movements of the neck, or can be dull and persistent. Pre-existing neck pain is also present in many individuals. After the arm pain starts, some people report feeling less pain in their neck. When arm pain is present, it is usually because of a combination of disc herniation and bony spurs compressing a nerve root. A free disc fragment can also intrude on a cervical root and cause quite a bit of pain in shoulder or down the arm.

 2. Sensory symptoms other then pain.

When felt in only one arm, they are due to compression of a cervical root and felt in the territory of the cervical root. The C4 root mainly supplies the shoulder with nerves, while the C5 root supplies primarily the arm. The C6 root supplies nerves to the radial side of the forearm, the C7 root addresses the arm and forearm, and the C8 and the T1 root handle mostly the hand. Broadly speaking, two types of sensory symptoms are felt: loss of sensation and new sensations. A loss of sensation is simply numbness. New sensations include tingling (pins and needles) heat or cold sensations.

If the spinal cord is compressed, most patients report losing sensation in their hand and in the lower part of their body. (Numbness) They have difficulty feeling the floor when they walk and cannot feel that their bladder is full or incontance, this is an emergency and patients should be brought to the hospital right away.

3. Motor symptoms and signs.

Weakness of one arm (the other one being normal) only signals a compression of a nerve root. A compression of C4 results in a weak shoulder; C5 indicates a weak bicep muscle; C6 represents a weak wrist, thumb, and index finger; C7 is a weak tricep, extension of the fingers, and pectoralis muscles; C8 designates weak flexion of the fingers; and T1 corresponds to a weak hand.

 Emergency Treatment.

If the spinal cord is compressed, patients report having difficulty walking and weak legs and hands, numbness these can be the only symptoms and should be treated as an emergency.

Although neck pain can be caused by injury, such as ‘whiplash’ injuries, it is often caused by the cumulative effect of improper sitting posture, reading in bed, poor work habits, stomach sleeping, lack of proper exercise and other lifestyle-related factors. All of these factors cause misalignments in the spine and eventually pain. In fact, the most important factor producing neck pain appears to be spinal misalignments. Even for people who complain that “stress” is causing their pain, the great majority of those have significant spinal misalignments that are contributing to their condition.

Uncorrected chronic spinal misalignments can eventually cause neck pain. As a spinal misalignment worsens, pressure can be put on delicate nerves, sending the surrounding neck muscles go into painful and movement-limiting spasm, headache, even numbness, tingling or weakness in the arms or hands

Cervicogenic headaches  

Cervicogenic headaches  are defined as headaches originating from the neck. The location is typically at the back of the head, sides and top of the head as well as around the forehead and eyes affecting one or more of the above regions at once. These headaches can be located on one or both sides of the head. Cervicogenic headaches are usually associated with dysfunction of the upper neck which can present itself as neck pain or local tenderness, reduced neck range of motion and exacerbation of the headaches by neck movement. The past history of neck trauma is typical for this type of headaches.

The cervicogenic headaches are caused by irritation of nerve endings of injured joints, ligaments, muscles and discs of the neck. The nerve endings in the injured areas send pain signals up the upper nerves of the neck to the brain causing “cross wiring” with the fibers of the trigeminal nerve (one of the nerves in the head) which is responsible for perception of the head pain thus causing the headaches.

Neck pain as well as “whiplash” (WAD) injuries and both conditions can result in headaches and all three are commonly treated by Chiropractors.
The treatment is focused on the small joints in the back of the neck called facet joints  that are responsible for neck pain. When these joints dysfunction but injury to the muscles he nerve fibres that innervate / act as sensors for these facet joints also serve to act as sensors to parts of the head. When these facet joints dysfunction these sensors become active, the brain cannot clearly differentiate between the facet joints and the mapping of the head and create the sensation of pain in a broader area- Headache.

Whiplash Associated Disorder (WAD). Common term “Whiplash”(WAD).

FROM:   Journal of Orthopaedic Medicine 1999;   21 (1):   22–25 university Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Bristol, UK

Khan S, Cook J, Gargan M, Bannister G 

Objective:   To determine which patients with chronic “whiplash” (WAD) will benefit from chiropractic treatment.

Design:   Retrospective review by structured telephone interviews of 93 consecutive patients seen in chiropractic clinic.

Setting:   Independent chiropractic clinic in a large city.

Subjects:   93 patients, 68 female.

Main outcome measure:   Gargan and Bannister grading pre and post treatment.

Results:   Three groups of patients were recognised. Group 1 consisted of patients with isolated neck pain associated with a restricted range of neck movement. Group 2 consisted of patients with neurological symptoms or signs associated with a restricted range of movement. Group 3 comprised patients who described severe neck pain but all of whom had a full range of neck movement. Patients in this group often described an unusual group of symptoms, with a bizarre, non-dermatomal pain distribution. There was a significant difference in outcome between the three groups (p<0.001) with only groups 1 and 2 improving following chiropractic manipulation.

Conclusion:   “Whiplash”(WAD) and neck injuries are common. Chiropractic is the only proven effective treatment in chronic cases. Our study enables patients to be classified at initial assessment in order to target those patients who will benefit from such treatment.

Neck Anatomy

The head  weight of 12 lbs or more not only does the neck fully support all that weight, it enables the  head to turn or move up or down No other part of the spine has the ability to move so much: in forward motion, and in backward motion, this also includes the  side-to-side motion, and from  shoulder to shoulder. 

The neck is called the cervical spine, and it begins at the base of your skull. It contains 7 small bones (vertebrae), which doctors label C1 to C7 (the ‘C’ means cervical). The numbers 1 to 7 indicate the level of the vertebrae. C1 is nearest to the skull, while C7 is nearest to the chest.

In between each vertebra are tough fibrous shock-absorbing discs called the intervertebral discs. Each disc is made up of a gel-like outer band (annulus fibrosus) and a gel-like inner substance (nucleus pulposus).

Besides the bones and the discs, the neck consists of joints, muscles, and ligaments these stabilize and give the neck its full range of movement.

The neck is the upper part of the spinal cord, and consists of nerve roots, and an elaborate system of arteries and veins. The nerves in the neck help the brain communicate with the shoulders, arms, and chest. The arteries and veins circulate blood to both the brain and the heart.

For Further in depth Information on Neck pain or Headaches, please go to top left corner under “Pain” or “Conditions.” For Cold Laser Therapy, please go to top left corner under “Treatments”

Neck Pain. and Whiplash -Associated Disorders (WAD). Commonly known as “Whiplash” (WAD). Reg’d BUPA AXA HSA AVIA all health insurers

Cervicalgia

The neck muscles are constantly placed under tension, although this tension helps to keep the head in position i.e. upright. However the muscles in the neck are more prone to becoming stiff and painful as a result of this tension. As a result of violent movement or sudden impact (known sometimes as “whiplash” (WAD)).

Cervicalgia is a localised pain that does not radiate through into other areas of the neck.

Symptoms include:

·         A sharp pain in the neck

·         Neck ache

·         Pain resulting from head movement

·         Pain radiating to the shoulders, arms and fingers

It also may radiate pain into other areas; this is usually caused by a trapped nerve or nerves. Nerves can become trapped by tight muscles, disc damage, or the formation of bony deposits. Radiating pain in the neck which affects the shoulders and arms may also affect the fingers.

Neck dysfunction can result in dizziness, nausea or headaches but it can be successfully treated by Cold Laser Therapy, one of the treatments offered by Central Chiropractic Clinic

Cervicogenic headaches  

Cervicogenic headaches   are defined as headaches originating from the neck. The location is typically at the back of the head, sides and top of the head as well as around the forehead and eyes affecting one or more of the above regions at once. These headaches can be located on one or both sides of the head. Cervicogenic headaches are usually associated with dysfunction of the upper neck which can present itself as neck pain or local tenderness, reduced neck range of motion and exacerbation of the headaches by neck movement. The past history of neck trauma is typical for this type of headaches.

The cervicogenic headaches are caused by irritation of nerve endings of injured joints, ligaments, muscles and discs of the neck. The nerve endings in the injured areas send pain signals up the upper nerves of the neck to the brain causing “cross wiring” with the fibres of the trigeminal nerve (one of the nerves in the head) which is responsible for perception of the head pain thus causing the headaches.

Cervical Disc Injuries

Most cervical disc injuries are caused by hyperextension, which results in compression of the cervical area 

Flexion injuries in the cervical area do not result in nerve compression.

Symptoms of Cervical Disc Injuries

The Pain may cause loss of sensation or tingling/pins and needles to the arms, and weakness are the main symptoms and signs of cervical disc injury. The pain is most noticeable symptom and it is usually the only one. Cervical disc injury can complicated by compression of either a cervical nerve root or by a compression of the spinal cord, but this reported injury is very infrequent.  When compression of the nervous tissue occurs, patients may report different sensations other than pain. Weakness to the legs/leg this is called spinal cord compression. if the arms/arm are  affected this is called nerve root compression

Pain can be felt in the neck or arm. 

Pain is always in the area of the neck and upper back between the shoulder blades. This is due to inflammation of the disc and the cervical vertebra joints. Sever inflammation can flare up after a minor added injury or for other unknown reasons. Neck and shoulder pain are due to the disc bulges that herniates, and stretches the posterior longitudinal ligament.  

b. Rarely, the pain will be felt down the arm.  This pain can be lightning, caused or aggravated by movements of the neck, or can be dull and persistent. Pre-existing neck pain is also present in many individuals. After the arm pain starts, some people report feeling less pain in their neck. When arm pain is present, it is usually because of a combination of disc herniation and bony spurs compressing a nerve root. A free disc fragment can also intrude on a cervical root and cause quite a bit of pain in shoulder or down the arm.

 2. Sensory symptoms other then pain.

When felt in only one arm, they are due to compression of a cervical root and felt in the territory of the cervical root. The C4 root mainly supplies the shoulder with nerves, while the C5 root supplies primarily the arm. The C6 root supplies nerves to the radial side of the forearm, the C7 root addresses the arm and forearm, and the C8 and the T1 root handle mostly the hand. Broadly speaking, two types of sensory symptoms are felt: loss of sensation and new sensations. A loss of sensation is simply numbness. New sensations include tingling (pins and needles), heat, or cold sensations.

If the spinal cord is compressed, most patients report losing sensation in their hand and in the lower part of their body. (Numbness) They have difficulty feeling the floor when they walk and cannot feel that their bladder is full or inconstancy this is an emergency and patients should be brought to the hospital right away.

3. Motor symptoms and signs.

Weakness of one arm (the other one being normal) only signals a compression of a nerve root. A compression of C4 results in a weak shoulder; C5 indicates a weak bicep muscle; C6 represents a weak wrist, thumb, and index finger; C7 is a weak tricep extension of the fingers, and pectoralis muscles; C8 designates weak flexion of the fingers; and T1 corresponds to a weak hand.

 Emergency treatment.

If the spinal cord is compressed, patients report having difficulty walking and weak legs and hands, numbness these can be the only symptoms and should be treated as an emergency.

Although neck pain can be caused by injury, such as ‘whiplash’(WAD) injuries, it is often caused by the cumulative effect of improper sitting posture, reading in bed, poor work habits, stomach sleeping, lack of proper exercise and other lifestyle-related factors. All of these factors cause misalignments in the spine and eventually pain. In fact, the most important factor producing neck pain appears to be spinal misalignments. Even for people who complain that “stress” is causing their pain, the great majority of those have significant spinal misalignments that are contributing to their condition.

Uncorrected chronic spinal misalignments can eventually cause neck pain. As a spinal misalignment worsens, pressure can be put on delicate nerves, sending the surrounding neck muscles go into painful and movement-limiting spasm, headache, even numbness, tingling or weakness in the arms or hands

Neck pain as well as “whiplash” (WAD) injuries and both conditions can result in headaches and all three are commonly treated by Chiropractors.
The treatment is focused on the small joints in the back of the neck called facet joints that are responsible for neck pain. When these joints dysfunction but injury to the muscles he nerve fibres that innervate / act as sensors for these facet joints also serve to act as sensors to parts of the head. When these facet joints dysfunction these sensors become active, the brain cannot clearly differentiate between the facet joints and the mapping of the head and create the sensation of pain in a broader area- Headache.

Whiplash associated Disorder (WAD) common term “Whiplash’ (WAD)

 FROM:   Journal of Orthopaedic Medicine 1999;   21 (1):   22–25 university Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Bristol UK

Khan S, Cook J, Gargan M, Bannister G 

Objective:   To determine which patients with chronic Whiplash Associated Disorder (WAD) will benefit from chiropractic treatment.

Design:   Retrospective review by structured telephone interviews of 93 consecutive patients seen in chiropractic clinic.

Setting:   Independent chiropractic clinic in a large city.

Subjects:   93 patients, 68 female.

Main outcome measure:   Gargan and Bannister grading pre and post treatment.

Results:   Three groups of patients were recognised. Group 1 consisted of patients with isolated neck pain associated with a restricted range of neck movement. Group 2 consisted of patients with neurological symptoms or signs associated with a restricted range of movement. Group 3 comprised patients who described severe neck pain but all of whom had a full range of neck movement. Patients in this group often described an unusual group of symptoms, with a bizarre, non-dermatomal pain distribution. There was a significant difference in outcome between the three groups (p<0.001) with only groups 1 and 2 improving following chiropractic manipulation.

Conclusion: “Whiplash” (WAD) and Neck injuries are common. Chiropractic is the only proven effective treatment in chronic cases. Our study enables patients to be classified at initial assessment in order to target those patients who will benefit from such treatment.

Journal of Orthopaedic Medicine 1999;   21 (1):   22–2 university Department of Orthopaedic Surgery