Call 024 7622 2002.  Running injuries; Runners Knee – Iliotibial Band Friction Syndrome. Achilles Tendonitis. Plantar Fasciitis Cold/Low Level Laser Therapy. Reg’d BUPA. AXA PPP. HSA. Aviva. Mercia health, all health-care schemes are accepted.

Runner’s Knee Explained

Runner’s Knee is the common term for Iliotibial Band Friction Syndrome. Runner’s Knee is a painful overuse knee injury that affects the outer part of the knee. It is common in runners and cyclists. It affects around 5% of all runners, while knee injuries in cyclists 20% are diagnosed as Runner’s Knee.

Runner’s Knee to understand this condition its necessary to be familiar with the anatomy of the outer side of the thigh and knee. The Ilio Tibial Band is a tough length of fascia that attaches to the outer side of the pelvis (The Ilium), goes down the outer side of the thigh and inserts into the outer side of the shin bone (Tibia). The Ilio Tibial Band forms a length of taught fibrous tissue that connects the hip and knee.

The Lateral Epicondyle is a bony prominence that is the widest point of the thigh bone. When the knee is straight the Ilio Tibial Band is in front of the Lateral Epicondyle of the thigh bone and when the knee is fully bent the ITB is behind the Lateral Epicondyle of the thigh bone. During movements of the knee, the Ilio Tibial Band moves over the Lateral Epicondyle of the thigh, with maximum friction at 30 degrees of knee bend.

During activities such as running and cycling, where there is repeated bending and straightening of the knee joint, the Ilio Tibial Band can ‘impinge’ upon the Lateral Epicondyle and the resultant friction can lead to inflammation of the tissues. If the Ilio Tibial Band is tight then the degree of friction is increased and a tight Ilio Tibial Band can predispose people to Runner’s Knee.

Between the Ilio Tibial Band and the thigh there is a sac of fluid, called a bursa, which is meant to prevent friction. However, where there are repeated knee bending movements with a tight Ilio Tibial Band, the bursa can become impinged between the Ilio Tibial Band and the Lateral Epicondyle of the thigh. The bursa itself, as well as the Ilio Tibial Band, can become inflamed and painful.

Runner’s Knee Symptoms

Typically there is pain located on the outer side of the knee joint. This pain may radiate up the thigh or down the outer side of the shin and is exacerbated by running or cycling activities. Usually, the pain from Runner’s Knee is only present during activity and settles when the person rests. However, in some cases it can also be extremely uncomfortable going up or down stairs.

There is often severe tenderness when the Lateral Epicondyle of the thigh bone is palpated. There is usually maximum friction at the area of the Lateral Epicondyle when the knee is bent to around 30 degrees.

Achilles Tendonitis

Achilles tendonitis accounts for around 13% of running injuries. The Achilles tendon is the large tendon at the back of the ankle. This Tendon connects the calf muscles (Gastrocnemius and Soleus) to the heal bone (calcaneus) and provides the power and drive in the push off phase of the gait cycle. The Achilles tendon can become inflamed through overuse as well as a number of other factors. Achilles tendonitis may be acute or chronic. Acute Achilles tendonitis is a result of overuse.

Achilles Tendonitis the Symptoms

Achilles tendonitis symptoms include:

• Acute inflammation
• Achilles Tendonitis pain may increase gradually during exercise. l Swelling may appear over the Achilles tendon.
• Redness may appear over the skin in the area of the tendonitis.
• You may feel a cracking or creaking sensation when you press your fingers into the tendon while moving the foot.
• Chronic Achilles tendonitis will often follow on from acute Achilles tendonitis if the acute tendon injury is not treated properly and given time to heal. Chronic Achilles tendonitis is a difficult condition to treat. The pain experienced during the acute phase of the injury may well disappear after a warm session, and may return when training has stopped.

Symptoms for chronic Achilles Tendonitis are similar to those of acute tendonitis as well as:

• Stiffness and pain in the Achilles tendon are especially noticeable in the morning. This pain may be described has none specific or generalized pain of the area.
• Nodules or lumps may appear in the Achilles tendon, 2cm above the heel.
• Tendon pain may appear when walking up a hill or incline.
• Chronic tendonitis differs from acute tendonitis in that it is a much more of a long term problem.

Causes of Achilles Tendinitis

An Overuse are the main factor and the basic cause of this injury, however other factors can make an overuse injury more likely.

Running up inclines and hills will mean the Achilles tendon has to stretch more than normal. This exasperates and worsens this condition.

Overpronation, meaning feet which roll in, will place an increased strain on the Achilles tendon. As the foot rolls in and (flattens) the lower leg rotates inwards which then twists the Achilles tendon placing torsion stress along the length of the Achilles tendon.

Treatment of Achilles Tendonitis

Rest and apply cold therapy or ice (not directly onto the skin).

Wearing a heel pad, as a temporary measure, to raise the heel and take the strain off the Achilles tendon. Rest while the Achilles tendon is healing.

Listed in our cold laser section under conditions treated.

Plantar Fasciitis. Heel Pain, spurs and Injury, Foot Pain and injury, causes, symptoms and treatment with Tog GaitScan and/or Cold Laser Therapy.

Plantar Fasciitis . A common cause of heel pain in adults. A classic sign is pain that is particularly severe when the first steps are taken in the morning. Plantar Fasciitis is a self-limited condition, however many people can suffer with this problem for years. The symptoms usually resolve more quickly when the time between the onset of symptoms and the start of treatment is short. There are many treatment options including Cold laser therapy rest stretching, strengthening, orthotics and anti-inflammatory drugs.

Pain is usually caused by collagen degeneration at the origin of the plantar fascia at the medial tubercle of the calcaneus. The cause of the degeneration is repetitive micro tears of the plantar fascia that overbears the body’s ability to repair itself. Cold laser therapy has become a major player in helping the body’s ability to repair itself quicker.

Although the classic sign of Plantar Fasciitis is early morning pain, not every patient will have these symptoms.  Symptoms vary from person to person, however the majority will notice pain at the beginning of activity which lessens as they warm up. Plantar Fasciitis pain may also occur with prolonged standing. In severe cases, the pain will increase towards the end of the day.

The Plantar Fascia is a thickened fibrous aponeurosis that originates from the medial tubercle of the calcaneus and runs forward to form the longitudinal foot arch. The function of the Plantar Fascia is to provide static support of the longitudinal arch and shock absorption. Individuals with pes planus (flat feet) or pes cavus (high arches) are at increased risk of suffering Plantar Fasciitis. 

What Causes Plantar Fasciitis 

A history of an increase in weight-bearing activities is common, especially those involving running, which causes micro trauma to the plantar fascia that exceeds the body’s capacity to recover. Plantar Fasciitis also occurs in elderly. In these patients, the problem is usually more biomechanical, often related to decrease in strength of intrinsic muscle.

As mentioned above, people with faulty foot biomechanics are also at risk of developing Plantar Fasciitis. A large percentage of the population will over-pronate (i.e. the foot rolls inward when they walk) which overstretches the plantar fascia and causes irritation.

On examination, the patient usually has a point of maximal tenderness just under the front aspect of heel bone and on the sole of the foot. The pain may be worsened by having the patient stand on the tips of the toes.

Plantar Fasciitis is often called “heel spurs,” although this terminology is somewhat misleading because 15 to 25 percent of the general population has heel spurs, without any symptoms and many symptomatic individuals do not have them. 

In general, Plantar Fasciitis is a self-limiting condition meaning it would resolve by itself usually within 6 to 18 months. Suffering for such a long time can lead to

Frustration for patients and Doctors.

Stretching and Strengthening

Stretching and strengthening programs address risk factors such as tightness of the gastrosoleus complex and weakness of the intrinsic foot muscles. Increasing flexibility of the calf muscles is particularly important. Frequently used stretching techniques include wall stretches and curb or stair stretches.

Other effective techniques include placing a two-inch 3 four-inch piece of wood in the areas where the patient stands for a prolonged time (workplaces, kitchen or stoves) to use in stretching the calf. Dynamic stretches such as rolling the foot arch over a can or a tennis ball are also useful. Cross-friction massage above the plantar fascia and towel stretching may be done before getting out of bed. 

Exercises such as picking up marbles and coins with the toes are also useful. Towel curl involves pulling the towel toward the body by curling the towel with the toes while sitting with the foot flat on the end of a towel placed on a smooth surface. Toe taps involve lifting all toes off the floor and, keeping the heel on the floor and the outside four toes in the air, the big toe is tapped to the floor repetitively. Next, the process is reversed, and the outside four toes are repetitively tapped to the floor while keeping the big toe in the air.

Shoes.

Wearing shoes with thicker, well-cushioned arch supports decreases the pain associated with long periods of walking or standing. Thus, simply getting a new pair of shoes may be helpful in decreasing pain as studies have shown that with age, running shoes lose a significant portion of their shock absorption.

Some 14 percent of patients with Plantar Fasciitis stated that change of shoes was the treatment that worked best for them.

Orthotics and Arch Supports

The three most commonly used mechanical corrections are arch taping, over-the-counter arch supports and custom made orthotics.

Arch taping can be used as definitive treatment or as a trial to determine if the expense of arch supports or orthotics is worth per suing. Taping may be more cost effective in cases of acute plantar fasciitis while over-the-counter arch supports and orthotics may be more cost-effective for chronic or recurrent cases of plantar fasciitis and for prevention of injuries.

Over-the-counter arch supports are highly variable and depend on the material used to make them. In general, patients should try to find the densest material that is soft enough to be comfortable to walk on. Over-the-counter arch supports are especially useful in the treatment of adolescents where rapid foot growth may require a new pair of arch supports once or more per season.

Custom made orthotics are usually made by taking a plaster cast or an impression of the individuals foot and then constructing an insert specifically designed to control biomechanical risk factors such as pes planus, valgus heel alignment and discrepancies in leg length. The main disadvantage of orthotics is the cost, which may range from £50 to £200 or more. However, the strong advantages of orthotics are that they are made specifically to match your individual foot. Similar to having a prescription for glasses. You wouldn’t want to wear someone else’s glasses! Although the initial cost is more than an over the counter pair, they are more cost-effective as they will last longer. Orthotics are also an excellent corrective treatment.

(   TOG Gait Scan and Cold Laser Therapy are below.)

Tog GaitScan™ 

Our GaitScan™ System is a revolutionary diagnostic tool for assessing patient’s foot biomechanics. GaitScan™ has an industry high 4096 sensors and scans at an industry high 300Hz (scans per second).  These measurements provide today’s Healthcare Professionals with a sophisticated explanation of foot mechanics and assists them with orthotic and/or shoe solutions. 

Corticosteroid Injections

Corticosteroid injections have the greatest benefit if administered early in the course of treatment but, because of the associated risks, they are usually reserved for treatment resistant cases.

Potential risks include rupture of the plantar fascia and fat pad atrophy. Rupture of the plantar fascia was present in almost 10 percent of patients after plantar fascia injection. Long-term consequences of plantar fascia rupture were found in approximately one half of the patients with plantar fascia rupture. On the other hand, another study found that most individuals with rupture of the plantar fascia had resolution of symptoms with rest and rehabilitation.

Cold laser Therapy/Treatment

The lasers used at Central Chiropractic, Physiotherapy Clinic are certified as Cold Laser.  For the past 30 years the technology of Cold Laser Therapy (also known as Low Level Laser Therapy) has been formally accepted in North America and in many other parts of the world such as Europe, Russia and Japan.  In all this time there have been no recorded long-term adverse effects from low level laser therapy.  It is considered to be non-invasive, painless and safe.

Cold Laser Therapy uses laser light energy to stimulate cells to function optimally.  In the body, light sensitive chromophores and other elements within the cell absorb energy initiating a series of important photochemical changes such as increased production of ATP. The mitochondria and Kreb’s Cycle stimulation initiates the production of ATP, providing the cell with the extra energy needed to accelerate the healing process and positively influence pain.  These activities can occur in all types of cells and includes ligament, nerves, cartilage and muscle.

Low Level Cold Laser Therapy (LLLT) is a Handheld, non-invasive, light-emitting medical device which is used over different areas of the body. It provides an unmatched advantage in the treatment of conditions such as;

Athletic and Sports Injuries.

Shoulder conditions and injuries.  Ruptures. Tears. Ligaments. Tendons.

Knee Ankle and foot Pain Conditions and injuries. Hip, Knee Bursitis.

Achilles Tendonitis. Bursitis.  Plantar Fasciitis. Stress Fractures. Shin Splints.

Meniscus tears. Runners Knee Iliotibial Band Friction Syndrome

Chronic Neck and Back pain.

“Whiplash” (WAD) injury/ Neck Pain. Cervical Disc injury.

Upper and Lower Back Pain

Slipped disc. Prolapsed disc. Herniated disc. Bulging disc.

Trapped  nerves.

Hip Pain Sacroiliac joint inflammation

Shoulder Injuries and conditions.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.
Arthritic Pain Relief.

Muscle Spasm
Relief of Muscle and Joint Pain
Skin infections.

Wound Management including Skin Ulcers, Pressure Sores and Burn.

Soft Tissue Injuries including Sprains and Strains, Tendonitis and Haematomas.

Joint Disorders including Arthritic pain relief and Tenosynovitis

Chronic pain such as Trigeminal Neuralgia and Chronic Neck and Back

Pain. “Whiplash” (WAD) injury. Neck Pain and injuries.

For further in depth information on Hip knee or Ankle pain including Back and Lower Back Pain, Sciatica. Please go to top left corner under “Pain” or “Conditions”. 

Call 02476 222002.Registered with BUPA. AXA PPP. HSA. AVIVA. CIGNA. Simpleyhealth. Standard life. Pru health. Mercia health.Medicash Medisure. All health insurance accepted.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome affects the wrists, an injury that can prevent people from working, and making the wrists and hands very painful. This is a wrist condition that can result in chronic wrist and hand pain.

Carpal: Across the back of the wrist, eight small irregular bones (called carpals) are aligned in 2 rows forming a letter “C.” There is a tough ligament attaching across the inner side of the wrist. Thus forming the Carpal Tunnel.

Tunnel: An opening through which something passes through. Nine tendons of the muscles of the forearm that move the fingers along with the soft median nerve pass through this narrow tunnel. This tunnel is about the size of your little finger.

In carpal tunnel syndrome the median nerve becomes either compressed, irritated or swollen resulting in pain.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is a condition in which the median nerve becomes irritated and swells. During the swelling the pressure in the canal increases leading to further irritation and compression of the nerve. This leads to more swelling and nerve irritation.

What are Carpal Tunnel Syndrome symptoms?

Typical symptoms of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome include parenthesis (abnormal sensations) such as tingling and numbness in the thumb and index and middle fingers on the palm side, night pain, weakness in grasping, thumb and index finger pinching, and other thumb movements’ clumsiness, such as awkward hand movements and dropping things with increased weakness.

What treatment is available for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?

Before commencing the treatment patient should be evaluated for the cause of the nerve swelling. Some systemic conditions such as under active thyroid can lead to the swelling of the tendons, thus putting pressure onto the median nerve.

Patients should also be evaluated for possible compression of the nerves at the neck, shoulder and elbow levels that can also present itself as a pain and weakness in the wrist. In majority of cases of wrist and hand pain and weakness the primarily cause is compression of the nerve root at the neck level that forms nerves of the arm and hand. That’s why some patients still experience symptoms of carpal tunnel even after the surgery or cortisone injections were performed.

Cold laser therapy applied over the carpal tunnel has proven to be very effective in reduction of swelling and pain management. Please contact us if you require further information.

 (See our Cold Laser Therapy Section under Inflammatory conditions.)

Cold Laser Therapy for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome including;

Soft tissue injuries. Ligaments. Tendons and muscles. Tendonitis Bursitis. Plantar fasciitis. Back and Lower back pain. Neck Shoulder Arm and Wrist pain. Hip knee ankle pain injuries.

The lasers used at Central Chiropractic Clinic are certified as Cold Laser.  For the past 30 years the technology of Cold Laser Therapy (also known as Low Level Laser Therapy) has been formally accepted in North America and in many other parts of the world such as Europe, Russia and Japan.  In all this time there have been no recorded long-term adverse effects from low level laser therapy.  It is considered to be non-invasive, painless and safe.

Cold Laser Therapy uses laser light energy to stimulate cells to function optimally.  In the body, light sensitive chromophores and other elements within the cell absorb energy, initiating a series of important photochemical changes such as increased production of ATP. The mitochondria and Kreb’s Cycle stimulation initiates the production of ATP, providing the cell with the extra energy needed to accelerate the healing process and positively influence pain.  These activities can occur in all types of cells and includes ligament, nerves, cartilage and muscle.

Low Level Cold Laser Therapy (LLLT) is a Handheld, non-invasive, light-emitting medical device which is used over different areas of the body. It provides an unmatched advantage in the treatment of conditions such as;

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Chronic Neck and Back Pain. “Whiplash (WAD) injuries” Neck Pain. Cervical Disc injury.

Upper and Lower Back Pain, Sciatica.

Disc injuries, Slipped disc, Prolapsed disc, Herniated disc, Bulging disc.

Trapped  Nerves.

Hip Pain Sacroiliac joint inflammation

Athletic and Sports Injuries. Ligaments. Tendons. and Tendonitis.

Lower Back Pain
Knee and Foot Pain and injury
Shoulder Injury
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Arthritic Pain Relief and Muscle Spasm
Relief of Muscle and Joint Pain
Skin infections,

Wound Management; including Skin Ulcers, Pressure Sores and Burns

Soft Tissue Injuries including; Sprains and Strains, Tendonitis and Haematomas

Joint Disorders; including Arthritic pain relief and Tenosynovitis

Chronic Pain such as Trigeminal Neuralgia and Chronic Neck and Back

 Pain. “Whiplash (WAD) injuries”, Neck Pain and injuries.

For further in depth information on Back, Neck or Shoulder Pain, Sciatica, Lower Back Pain, please go to top left corner under “Pain” or “Conditions”. 

Call 02476 222002.Shoulder Dislocation

Shoulder dislocations occur when the head of the humerus which is the upper arm bone, jumps out of the shoulder socket of the scapula, which is called the glenoid. This can happen during severe wrench pulling the shoulder upward or outward, or from combined over-extension and external rotation of the humerus.

Glenohumeral dislocations are generally classified by the direction of dislocation of the humerus.

A dislocation can be full or partial:

·   A partial dislocation  which also known as subluxation, when the head of the humerus slips out of the socket momentarily and then snaps back into place (socket)

·    A full dislocation, when the head of the humerus comes completely out of the socket  

Shoulder dislocations are normally associated with fractures to different parts of the shoulder; there may be a fracture and dislocation at the same time. Nerves and blood vessels can sometimes be injured with a severe shoulder dislocation.

Causes

Shoulder dislocation can be caused by:

·    Falling on an outstretched arm

·    A direct powerful blow to the shoulder area.

·    Repetitive sports or activities i.e. Throwing or lifting 

·    Any kind of force applied to an outstretched arm 

Symptoms

Symptoms include

•   Swelling
•   Bruising
•   Pain, often severe
•   Shoulder contour appears abnormal
•   Bruising Instability and weakness in the shoulder area
•   Inability to move the shoulder
•   Bruising Instability and weakness in the shoulder area
•   Numbness and tingling around the shoulder or in the arm or fingers
•    Seek immediate medical attention.

Shoulder Injury for further in depth information on shoulder injuries and treatment, please go to top left corner under “Pain” or “Conditions” and ”Treatments” for Cold laser therapy.

Call 02476 222002.Registered with BUPA. AXA PPP. HSA. AVIVA. CIGNA. Simpleyhealth. Standard life. Pru health. Mercia health. All health insurance accepted.

The collarbone

The collarbone is a part of the shoulder. Its function is to connect the arm to the body. The collarbone sits directly above several important nerves and blood vessels. These vital soft tissues are rarely injured when the collarbone breaks. The collarbone is a long bone, and most breaks occur in the middle of the bone.

Cause.

A broken collarbone, or the medical term a fractured clavicle is a common injury. Many babies are born with a broken collarbone this is due to child birth, also to people in contacted sports such as rugby or just  general accidents where a fall results in a  severe blow or  a heavy fall to the shoulder .  

The collarbone doesn’t   harden until a person is about 21 years old; a child’s collarbone can easily be broken from a direct blow or fall.

Symptoms include.

A hump or “bump” over the fracture area

Shoulder hanging down and forward 

Unable to lift the arm due to the pain

A grinding sensation attempting to raise the arm

Diagnosis.

There is always an obvious deformity, or “bump,” around the fractured area. A small amount of pressure over the fracture area will bring about pain. Also, a grinding feeling can be felt when the patient attempts to raise the arm. Its rare for a fragment of bone to break through the skin, An X-ray is often done to pinpoint the location and severity of the break.  Then an assessment should be carried out by a medical trained practitioner. 

Nonsurgical Treatment .

Most broken collarbones heal well without surgery.

A simple arm sling will be used to immobilize the arm. A child may have to wear the sling for 4 to 6 weeks; an adult may have to wear it for 4 to 8 weeks. Depending on the location of the break

Medications, such as aspirin or ibuprofen, will help reduce pain. But for a speedy recovery see our cold laser therapy section this is under inflammatory conditions on the home page.

For in depth information on shoulder injuries and treatment please go to top left corner under “Conditions” or “Pain” and “Treatments” for Cold Laser therapy for in depth information.

Call 02476 222002.Registered with BUPA. AXA PPP. HSA. AVIVA. CIGNA. Simpleyhealth. Standard life. Pru health. Mercia health.Medicash Medisure. All health insurance accepted.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome affects the wrists an injury that can prevent people from working, and making the wrists and hands very painful. This is a wrist condition that can result in chronic wrist and hand pain.

Carpal: Across the back of the wrist, eight small irregular bones (called carpals) are aligned in 2 rows forming a letter “C.” There is a tough ligament attaching across the inner side of the wrist. Thus forming the Carpal Tunnel.

Tunnel: An opening through which something passes through. Nine tendons of the muscles of the forearm that move the fingers along with the soft median nerve pass through this narrow tunnel. This tunnel is about the size of your little finger.

In carpal tunnel syndrome the median nerve becomes either compressed, irritated or swollen resulting in pain.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is a condition in which the median nerve becomes irritated and swells. During the swelling the pressure in the canal increases leading to further irritation and compression of the nerve. This leads to more swelling and nerve irritation.

What are Carpal Tunnel Syndrome symptoms?

Typical symptoms of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome include parenthesis (abnormal sensations) such as tingling and numbness in the thumb and index and middle fingers on the palm side, night pain, weakness in grasping, thumb and index finger pinching, and other thumb movements’ clumsiness, such as awkward hand movements and dropping things with increased weakness.

What treatment is available for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?

Before commencing the treatment patient should be evaluated for the cause of the nerve swelling. Some systemic conditions such as under active thyroid can lead to the swelling of the tendons, thus putting pressure onto the median nerve.

Patients should also be evaluated for possible compression of the nerves at the neck, shoulder and elbow levels that can also present itself as a pain and weakness in the wrist. In majority of cases of wrist and hand pain and weakness the primarily cause is compression of the nerve root at the neck level that forms nerves of the arm and hand. That’s why some patients still experience symptoms of carpal tunnel even after the surgery or cortisone injections were performed.

Cold laser therapy applied over the carpal tunnel has proven to be very effective in reduction of swelling and pain management. Please contact us if you require further information.

 (See also our Cold Laser Therapy Section  under Inflammatory conditions.)

Cold Laser Therapy for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome,and including

Soft tissue injuries. Ligaments. Tendons and muscles. Tendonitis Bursitis. Plantar fasciitis. Back and Lower back pain. Neck Shoulder Arm and Wrist pain. Hip knee ankle pain injuries.

The lasers used at Central Chiropractic Clinic are certified as Cold Laser.  For the past 30 years the technology of Cold Laser Therapy (also known as Low Level Laser Therapy) has been formally accepted in North America and in many other parts of the world such as Europe, Russia and Japan.  In all this time there have been no recorded long-term adverse effects from low level laser therapy.  It is considered to be non-invasive, painless and safe.

Cold Laser Therapy uses laser light energy to stimulate cells to function optimally.  In the body, light sensitive chromophores and other elements within the cell absorb energy, initiating a series of important photochemical changes such as increased production of ATP. The mitochondria and Kreb’s Cycle stimulation initiates the production of ATP, providing the cell with the extra energy needed to accelerate the healing process and positively influence pain.  These activities can occur in all types of cells and includes ligament, nerves, cartilage and muscle.

Low Level Cold Laser Therapy (LLLT) is a Handheld, non-invasive, light-emitting medical device which is used over different areas of the body. It provides an unmatched advantage in the treatment of conditions such as;

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

 Chronic Neck and Back Pain. “Whiplash’ (WAD) injuries” Neck Pain. Cervical Disc injury.

 Back pain, Lower Back Pain, Sciatica.

Slipped disc, Prolapsed disc, Herniated disc, Bulging disc.

Trapped  Nerves.

Hip Pain Sacroiliac joint inflammation

 Athletic and Sports Injuries. Ligaments. Tendons. and Tendonitis.

Lower Back Pain
Knee and Foot Pain and injury
Shoulder Injury
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Arthritic Pain Relief and Muscle Spasm
Relief of Muscle and Joint Pain
Skin infections,

Wound Management; including Skin Ulcers, Pressure Sores and Burns

Soft Tissue Injuries including; Sprains and Strains, Tendonitis and Haematomas

Joint Disorders; including  Arthritic pain relief, and Tenosynovitis

Chronic Painsuch as Trigeminal Neuralgia and Chronic Neck and Back

 Pain. “Whiplash’ (WAD) injuries”, Neck Pain and injuries.

For further in depth information on Back, Neck or Shoulder Pain, Sciatica, Lower Back Pain, please go to top left corner under “Pain” or “Conditions”. 

Call 02476 222002.Registered with BUPA. AXA PPP. HSA. AVIVA. CIGNA. Simpleyhealth. Standard life. Pru health. Mercia health.Medicash Medisure. All health insurance accepted.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome affects the wrists, an injury that can prevent people from working, and making the wrists and hands very painful. This is a wrist condition that can result in chronic wrist and hand pain.

Carpal: Across the back of the wrist, eight small irregular bones (called carpals) are aligned in 2 rows forming a letter “C.” There is a tough ligament attaching across the inner side of the wrist. Thus forming the Carpal Tunnel.

Tunnel: An opening through which something passes through. Nine tendons of the muscles of the forearm that move the fingers along with the soft median nerve pass through this narrow tunnel. This tunnel is about the size of your little finger.

In carpal tunnel syndrome the median nerve becomes either compressed, irritated or swollen resulting in pain.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is a condition in which the median nerve becomes irritated and swells. During the swelling the pressure in the canal increases leading to further irritation and compression of the nerve. This leads to more swelling and nerve irritation.

What are Carpal Tunnel Syndrome symptoms?

Typical symptoms of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome include parenthesis (abnormal sensations) such as tingling and numbness in the thumb and index and middle fingers on the palm side, night pain, weakness in grasping, thumb and index finger pinching, and other thumb movements’ clumsiness, such as awkward hand movements and dropping things with increased weakness.

What treatment is available for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?

Before commencing the treatment patient should be evaluated for the cause of the nerve swelling. Some systemic conditions such as under active thyroid can lead to the swelling of the tendons, thus putting pressure onto the median nerve.

Patients should also be evaluated for possible compression of the nerves at the neck, shoulder and elbow levels that can also present itself as a pain and weakness in the wrist. In majority of cases of wrist and hand pain and weakness the primarily cause is compression of the nerve root at the neck level that forms nerves of the arm and hand. That’s why some patients still experience symptoms of carpal tunnel even after the surgery or cortisone injections were performed.

Cold laser therapy applied over the carpal tunnel has proven to be very effective in reduction of swelling and pain management. Please contact us if you require further information.

 (See our Cold Laser Therapy Section under Inflammatory conditions.)

Cold Laser Therapy for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome including

Soft tissue injuries. Ligaments. Tendons and muscles. Tendonitis Bursitis. Plantar fasciitis. Back and Lower back pain. Neck Shoulder Arm and Wrist pain. Hip knee ankle pain injuries.

The lasers used at Central Chiropractic Clinic are certified as Cold Laser.  For the past 30 years the technology of Cold Laser Therapy (also known as Low Level Laser Therapy) has been formally accepted in North America and in many other parts of the world such as Europe, Russia and Japan.  In all this time there have been no recorded long-term adverse effects from low level laser therapy.  It is considered to be non-invasive, painless and safe.

Cold Laser Therapy uses laser light energy to stimulate cells to function optimally.  In the body, light sensitive chromophores and other elements within the cell absorb energy, initiating a series of important photochemical changes such as increased production of ATP. The mitochondria and Kreb’s Cycle stimulation initiates the production of ATP, providing the cell with the extra energy needed to accelerate the healing process and positively influence pain.  These activities can occur in all types of cells and includes ligament, nerves, cartilage and muscle.

Low Level Cold Laser Therapy (LLLT) is a Handheld non-invasive light-emitting medical device which is used over different areas of the body. It provides an unmatched advantage in the treatment of conditions such as;

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Chronic Neck and Back Pain. “Whiplash” (WAD) injuries. Neck Pain. Cervical Disc injury.

Back pain, Lower Back Pain, Sciatica.

Slipped disc, Prolapsed disc, Herniated disc, Bulging disc.

Trapped  Nerves.

Hip Pain Sacroiliac joint inflammation

Athletic and Sports Injuries. Ligaments. Tendons. and Tendonitis.

Lower Back Pain
Knee and Foot Pain and injury
Shoulder Injury
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Arthritic pain relief, Muscle Spasm
Relief of Muscle and Joint Pain
Skin infections,

Wound Management; including Skin Ulcers, Pressure Sores and Burns

Soft Tissue Injuries including; Sprains and Strains, Tendonitis and Haematomas

Joint Disorders; including Arthritic pain relief, and Tenosynovitis

Chronic Pain such as Trigeminal Neuralgia and Chronic Neck and Back

 Pain. “Whiplash’ (WAD) injuries”, Neck Pain and injuries.

For further in depth information on Back, Neck or Shoulder Pain, Sciatica, Lower Back Pain, please go to top left corner under “Pain” or “Conditions”. 

Call 02476 222002 . Registered with BUPA. AXA PPP. HSA. AVIVA. CIGNA. Simpleyhealth. Standard life. Pru health. Mercia health.Medicash Medisure. All health insurance accepted

Stiff Neck. Inflammatory Diseases, Severe Injuries, Cervical Disc Degeneration, When Should You Seek Medical Care? What is Whiplash Associated Disorder (WAD )or commonly known as ”Whiplash” (WAD) Diagnosis.

Non specific term for limited neck mobility often due to muscle cramps and accompanied by pain.

The neck (cervical spine) is composed of vertebrae that begin at the base of the skull and end in the upper torso. The vertebrae along with the ligaments provide stability to the spine. The muscles allow for support and movement of the neck. The neck supports the weight of the head which is 12lbs amounting to a significant load for the neck to cope with during motion thus increasing stress onto the neck (cervical spine). Compare to the rest of the spine, the neck is less protected and is more susceptible to injury and various disorders that can result in pain and restricted motion. Sometimes neck pain is a temporary condition going away on its own accord. Other cases require medical diagnosis and treatment to relieve the symptoms.

Cause

Neck pain may result from injury to the soft tissues including muscles, ligaments, nerves, bones and joints of the spine. Soft tissue injuries or prolonged wear and tear are amongst the most common causes of neck pain. Infection or tumours may cause neck pain in rare instances. Sometimes neck problems may be the source of pain in the upper back, shoulders, or arms.

Inflammatory Diseases

The vertebral column. Rheumatoid arthritis involves joints in the neck and may cause severe stiffness and pain. Rheumatoid arthritis usually occurs in the upper neck area.

Cervical Disc Degeneration

Cervical disc degeneration usually occurs in people aged 40 and older. Disc’s act as shock absorbers between the bones. During cervical disc degeneration the normal gelatin like centre of the disc dries out and the gap between the vertebrae narrows. As the disc space narrows, added stress is imposed onto the joints of the spine exacerbating further wear and degenerative changes. When occurs when cervical disc protrudes due to the weakening of its rim, putting pressure on the spinal cord or nerve roots.

Injury

Due to its flexibility and the weight of the head it supports the neck is extremely vulnerable to injury. Road traffic or diving accidents, contact sports, and falls are the main causes of neck injury. A “rear end” shunt during car accident may result in hyperextension, a backward motion of the neck beyond normal limits, or hyper flexion, a forward motion of the neck beyond normal limits. The use of seat belts and head restrains in cars can help to prevent or minimize neck injury. The soft tissues such as muscles and ligaments are most commonly involved. Severe injuries including fracture or dislocation of the neck may lead to the damage the spinal cord and cause paralysis.

What is Whiplash Associated Disorder (WAD) or’whiplash”?

“Whiplash” (WAD) injury occurs when the body reacts to sudden deceleration or acceleration force causing hyper flexion or hyperextension of the neck.

“Whiplash” (WAD) injuries are associated with car accidents. The “Whiplash”(WAD) injury is sustained when the muscles of the neck and shoulders do not have enough time to brace and hold the head during sudden acceleration or deceleration force application leading to injuries of the muscles, ligaments, capsule of the facet joints and discs of cervical spine.

Uncomplicated cases

“Whiplash” (WAD) cases that are uncomplicated are the result of sprained ligaments in the neck. The muscles spasm naturally to form a protective mechanism for the neck. The “whiplas”(WAD) injury may cause a stiff neck and pain may be present down one or both arms if the nerve roots of cervical part of spinal cord get compressed. Relief for “whiplash” (WAD) can be found with chiropractic treatment, physiotherapy or pain medication.

Severe cases

In severe cases of “whiplash”(WAD) may last for a month or more with persistent and in some cases constant pain. This may indicate that the” whiplash”(WAD) injury has extensive damage and resulting in disc’s rupturing and trapped nerves in the neck. This may also predispose to a “slipped”, ruptured or herniated disc in the back. (See our Cold Laser Therapy Section under Inflammatory conditions.)

Other Causes of neck pain

Tumors, infections, or congenital abnormalities of the vertebrae are less common causes of neck pain.

When Should You Seek Medical Care?

Cases of severe neck pain occur following an injury such as motor vehicle accident, blow to the head or fall related accident. Only a trained professional, such as a paramedic, should immobilize the patient to avoid the risk of further injury and possible paralysis. Medical care should be sought immediately.

Immediate medical care should also be sought when an injury causes pain in the neck that radiates down the arms and legs. Radiating pain or numbness in your arms or legs causing weakness in the arms or legs without significant neck pain should also be evaluated. If there has not been an injury, you should seek medical care when neck pain is:

·         Continuous and persistent

·         Severe

·         Accompanied by pain that radiates down the arms or legs

·         Accompanied by headaches, numbness, tingling, or weakness

Diagnosis

Determining the source of the pain is essential to recommend the appropriate treatment and rehabilitation. Therefore, a comprehensive examination is required to determine the cause of neck pain.

Your Physiotherapist or Chiropractor will take a complete history of the symptoms you are having with your neck. The Physiotherapist or Chiropractor may ask you about other illnesses, any injury that occurred to your neck, and any complaints you have associated with neck pain. Previous treatment for your neck condition will also be noted.

Physiotherapist or Chiropractor will also perform a physical examination. This examination may include evaluation of neck motion, tenderness of the neck and the function of the nerves and muscles in your arms and legs.

Digital X-rays often will be obtained to allow your Physiotherapist or Chiropractor to look at the bones in your neck. This entails simple diagnostic imaging study (radiography) and aids your Physiotherapist or Chiropractor to determine the cause of neck pain and to prescribe effective treatment.

Further evaluation may involve the following:

·         MRI (magnetic resonance imaging). This non x-ray study allows an evaluation of the spinal cord and nerve roots.

·         CT (computed tomography). This specialized x-ray study allows careful evaluation of the bone and spinal canal.

·         EMG (electromyography). This test evaluates nerve and muscle function.

Treatment

The treatment of neck pain depends on the diagnosis. Most patients are treated successfully with Physiotherapy or Chiropractic Treatment. Also rest, medication, immobilization, exercise, activity modifications, or a combination of these methods can be very useful.

Inflammation is a result of stretching muscles and ligaments beyond their limits, (See also Cold Laser Therapy under conditions treated; this therapy is extremely affective in the treatment of inflammation). Surgery is required in very few cases to relieve neck pain. For most patients, a combination of Physiothrapy or Chiropractic treatment, rest, medication, and physical therapy will relieve neck pain. Surgery may be necessary to reduce pressure on the spinal cord or a nerve root when pain is caused by a herniated disc or bony narrowing of the spinal canal. Surgery may also be required following an injury to stabilize the neck and minimize the possibility of paralysis, such as when a fracture results in instability of the neck.

Non specific term for limited neck mobility, often due to muscle cramps and accompanied by pain.

For further in depth information on neck pain, go to top left corner under pain and conditions.

Hip injuries are a very common problem with many causes. an accurate diagnosis is very important as defining of the cause of  symptoms well predetermine the appropriate treatment which should be directed at the underlying problem. Below are some common causes of hip pain:  

Osteonecrosis  

Osteonecrosis is a condition that occurs when blood flow to an area of bone is restricted. If an inadequate amount of blood flow reaches the bone, the cells will die and the bone may collapse. One of the most common places for osteonecrosis to occur is in the hip joint.   

Lumber Pain/Referred Pain  

Back and spine problems can cause symptoms around the buttocks and hip. The most common problems that refer pain to the hip region are Herniated disc and Sciatica.  

Many back and spine problems can cause symptoms around the buttocks and hip. The most common problems that refer pain to the hip region are herniated disc and Sciatica.  

Snapping hip Syndrome  

Snapping hip syndrome is a word used to describe three distinct hip problems. The first is when the Ilio-tibial band snaps over the outside of the thigh. The second occurs when the deep hip flexor snaps over the front of the hip joint. Finally, tears of the cartilage, or labrum, around the hip socket can cause a snapping sensation.  

Muscle Strains  

Strains of the muscles around the hip and pelvis can cause pain and spasm. The most common strains are groin pulls and Hamstring strains.   

Hip Fractures 

Hip fractures are most common in elderly patients affected by osteoporosis. Treatment of broken hip requires surgery to either replace the broken portion or repair it with a metal plate and screws.   

Stress Fractures  

Stress fractures of the hip are most common in athletes who participate in high-impact sports, such as long distance runners. Treatment usually is successful and directed to avoidance of the impact activities.  

Cold/Low Level laser Therapy/Treatment 

The lasers used at Central Chiropractic Clinic are certified as Cold Laser.  For the past 30 years the technology of Cold Laser Therapy (also known as Low Level Laser Therapy) has been formally accepted in North America and in many other parts of the world such as Europe, Russia and Japan.  In all this time there have been no recorded long-term adverse effects from low level laser therapy.  It is considered to be non-invasive, painless and safe. 

Cold Laser Therapy uses laser light energy to stimulate cells to function optimally.  In the body, light sensitive chromophores and other elements within the cell absorb energy, initiating a series of important photochemical changes such as increased production of ATP. The mitochondria and Kreb’s Cycle stimulation initiates the production of ATP, providing the cell with the extra energy needed to accelerate the healing process and positively influence pain.  These activities can occur in all types of cells and includes ligament, nerves, cartilage and muscle. 

Low Level Cold Laser Therapy (LLLT) is a Handheld, non-invasive, light-emitting medical device which is used over different areas of the body. It provides an unmatched advantage in t he treatment of conditions such as;  

Hip Pain and Sacroiliac Joint inflammation  

Chronic Pain, including Neck, Back, Hip and Joint Pain.  

Athletic and sports Injuries 

Back and Lower back pain, Sciatica, Slipped disc, prolapsed disc, herniated disc,  

Trapped nerves 

Athletic and sports Injuries 

Whiplash (WAD) Neck Pain and injuries  

Lower Back Pain
Knee and Foot Pain
Shoulder Injury
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
ArthritiC Pain Relief, Muscle Spasm
Relief of Muscle and Joint Pain
Skin infections, including cold sores. 

Wound Management including Skin Ulcers, Pressure Sores and Burns 

Soft Tissue Injuries including Sprains and Strains, Tendonitis and Haematomas 

Joint Disorders including Arthritic Pain relief, and Tenosynovitis 

Chronic pain such as Trigeminal Neuralgia and Chronic Neck, Back and Hip pain. “Whiplash” (WAD), Neck Pain and injuries 

For further in depth information on Hip Pain Sciatica, Lower Back Pain, Trapped Nerves. Please go to top left corner under “Pain” or “Conditions”. 

View also our Cold/Low Level Laser Therapy under “Treatments” for effective pain Relief and healing. 

Hip Anatomy 

The hip joint is a ball and socket joint. The ball is formed by the top of the thigh bone (femur) and is called the “head” of the femur. The socket is formed by the bones of the pelvis and is called the acetabulum.  Ligaments tendons and muscles hold the head of the femur (the ball) in the acetabulum (the socket). 

Articular cartilage is a smooth material that covers the head of the femur and the acetabulum. Articular cartilage covers the bony surfaces wherever they come into contact with each other. Articular cartilage allows the head of the femur to move freely inside the acetabulum as the leg moves. Fluid also aids the head of the femur move freely inside the acetabulum. This fluid is called synovial fluid and provides and lubrication to the hip joint. 

The hip joint is surrounded by a “sack” called a joint capsule. Ligaments are like strong fibrous rope like structures that help connect bones and provide stability to joints. Ligaments reinforce the capsule and connect the head of the femur to the acetabulum. These ligaments prevent the head of the femur from coming out of the acetabulum. Larger, stronger ligaments also provide stability to the hip joint. 

The acetabulum has a ring of tissue called the labrum (this circles the acetabulum) the labrum also helps provide stability to the hip. 

Tendons connect muscles to bone. There are various muscles that surround the hip joint. These muscles and their tendons provide stability to the hip joint when the leg is moved. These muscles are also necessary for activities such as running, jumping and walking. 

The hamstring muscles (are at the back of the leg) act with the gluteus maximus (the “buttock muscle”) to move the leg backwards at the hip. The hip flexors (iliopsoas and rectus femoris) move the leg forward at the hip. The groin muscles (adductor magnus and longus) move leg toward the midline of the body. The abductor group (gluteus medius, gluteus minimus and tensor fascia lata) move the leg away from the body and are also stabilize the hip joint. 

 A bursa or bursae is a small sac of fluid which limits friction between muscles, tendons and bones. The principle bursa of the hip joint is the bursa of the greater trochanter. This bursa is placed outside of the hip joint. An injury can occur by a direct blow or falling directly onto the outside of the hip or from overuse. 

One of the most common causes of hip pain is the inflammation of the bursa called hip bursitis. A bursa is a fluid filled sac that allows extra protection for the tendons on motion between two uneven surfaces. For example, in the hip, a bursa rests between the bony prominence over the outside of the hip (the greater trochanter) and the firm tendon that passed over this bone. When the tendon has to move over the bone and over the inflamed bursa it will result in pain. Because patients with hip bursitis move this tendon with each step, hip bursitis symptoms can be quite painful. Hip bursitis presents as the pain on the outside of the upper thigh. Management of hip bursitis is often directed on balancing the function of hip, knee and pelvis thus eliminating the cause of the pain as well as local application of the cold laser directed on suppression of inflammation and accelerating healing of the soft tissues 

For further in depth information on hip pain, please go to top left corner under “pain” or “conditions” for treatment also go to top left corner under “Treatments” for “Cold/Low Level Laser Therapy”  

Registered with BUPA. AXA PPP. HSA. AVIVA. CIGNA. Simpleyhealth. Standard life. Pru health. Mercia health.Medicash Medisure. All health insurances accepted.

Hip injury/ Anatomy, Osteonecrosis, Lumber Pain/Referred Pain, Snapping hip Syndrome, Muscle Strains, Hip/Stress Fractures, Hip injury Cold laser Pain relief  

Hip injuries are a very common problem with many causes. an accurate diagnosis is very important as defining of the cause of  symptoms well predetermine the appropriate treatment which should be directed at the underlying problem. Below are some common causes of hip pain: 

Osteonecrosis 

Osteonecrosis is a condition that occurs when blood flow to an area of bone is restricted. If an inadequate amount of blood flow reaches the bone, the cells will die and the bone may collapse. One of the most common places for osteonecrosis to occur is in the hip joint.  

Lumber Pain/Referred Pain

Back and spine problems can cause symptoms around the buttocks and hip. The most common problems that refer pain to the hip region are Herniated disc and Sciatica. 

Many back and spine problems can cause symptoms around the buttocks and hip. The most common problems that refer pain to the hip region are herniated disc and Sciatica. 

Snapping hip Syndrome 

Snapping hip syndrome is a word used to describe three distinct hip problems. The first is when the Ilio-tibial band snaps over the outside of the thigh. The second occurs when the deep hip flexor snaps over the front of the hip joint. Finally, tears of the cartilage, or labrum, around the hip socket can cause a snapping sensation. 

Muscle Strains 

Strains of the muscles around the hip and pelvis can cause pain and spasm. The most common strains are groin pulls and Hamstring strains.  

Hip Fractures

Hip fractures are most common in elderly patients affected by osteoporosis. Treatment of broken hip requires surgery to either replace the broken portion or repair it with a metal plate and screws.  

Stress Fractures 

Stress fractures of the hip are most common in athletes who participate in high-impact sports, such as long distance runners. Treatment usually is successful and directed to avoidance of the impact activities. 

Cold laser Therapy/Treatment

The lasers used at Central Chiropractic Clinic are certified as Cold Laser.  For the past 30 years the technology of Cold Laser Therapy (also known as Low Level Laser Therapy) has been formally accepted in North America and in many other parts of the world such as Europe, Russia and Japan.  In all this time there have been no recorded long-term adverse effects from low level laser therapy.  It is considered to be non-invasive, painless and safe.

Cold Laser Therapy uses laser light energy to stimulate cells to function optimally.  In the body, light sensitive chromophores and other elements within the cell absorb energy, initiating a series of important photochemical changes such as increased production of ATP. The mitochondria and Kreb’s Cycle stimulation initiates the production of ATP, providing the cell with the extra energy needed to accelerate the healing process and positively influence pain.  These activities can occur in all types of cells and includes ligament, nerves, cartilage and muscle.

Low Level Cold Laser Therapy (LLLT) is a Handheld, non-invasive, light-emitting medical device which is used over different areas of the body. It provides an unmatched advantage in t he treatment of conditions such as;

Hip Pain and Sacroiliac Joint inflammation 

Chronic Pain, including Neck, Back, Hip and Joint Pain.

Athletic and sports Injuries

Back and Lower back pain, Sciatica, Slipped disc, prolapsed disc, herniated disc, 

Trapped nerves

Athletic and sports Injuries

Whiplash, Neck Pain and injuries 

Lower Back Pain
Knee and Foot Pain
Shoulder Injury
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Arthritis, Muscle Spasm
Relief of Muscle and Joint Pain
Skin infections, including cold sores

Wound Management including Skin Ulcers, Pressure Sores and Burns

Soft Tissue Injuries including Sprains and Strains, Tendonitis and Haematomas

Joint Disorders including Arthritis, and Tenosynovitis

Chronic pain such as Trigeminal Neuralgia and Chronic Neck, Back and Hip pain. Whiplash, Neck Pain and injuries

For further in depth information on Hip Pain Sciatica, Lower Back Pain, Trapped Nerves. Please go to top left corner under “Pain” or “Conditions”.

See also Cold Laser Therapy under “Treatments” for effective pain Relief and healing.

Hip Anatomy

The hip joint is a ball and socket joint. The ball is formed by the top of the thigh bone (femur) and is called the “head” of the femur. The socket is formed by the bones of the pelvis and is called the acetabulum.  Ligaments tendons and muscles hold the head of the femur (the ball) in the acetabulum (the socket).

Articular cartilage is a smooth material that covers the head of the femur and the acetabulum. Articular cartilage covers the bony surfaces wherever they come into contact with each other. Articular cartilage allows the head of the femur to move freely inside the acetabulum as the leg moves. Fluid also aids the head of the femur move freely inside the acetabulum. This fluid is called synovial fluid and provides and lubrication to the hip joint.

The hip joint is surrounded by a “sack” called a joint capsule. Ligaments are like strong fibrous rope like structures that help connect bones and provide stability to joints. Ligaments reinforce the capsule and connect the head of the femur to the acetabulum. These ligaments prevent the head of the femur from coming out of the acetabulum. Larger, stronger ligaments also provide stability to the hip joint.

The acetabulum has a ring of tissue called the labrum (this circles the acetabulum) the labrum also helps provide stability to the hip.

Tendons connect muscles to bone. There are various muscles that surround the hip joint. These muscles and their tendons provide stability to the hip joint when the leg is moved. These muscles are also necessary for activities such as running, jumping and walking.

The hamstring muscles (are at the back of the leg) act with the gluteus maximus (the “buttock muscle”) to move the leg backwards at the hip. The hip flexors (iliopsoas and rectus femoris) move the leg forward at the hip. The groin muscles (adductor magnus and longus) move leg toward the midline of the body. The abductor group (gluteus medius, gluteus minimus and tensor fascia lata) move the leg away from the body and are also stabilize the hip joint.

 A bursa or bursae is a small sac of fluid which limits friction between muscles, tendons and bones. The principle bursa of the hip joint is the bursa of the greater trochanter. This bursa is placed outside of the hip joint. An injury can occur by a direct blow or falling directly onto the outside of the hip, or from overuse.

One of the most common causes of hip pain is the inflammation of the bursa called hip bursitis. A bursa is a fluid filled sac that allows extra protection for the tendons on motion between two uneven surfaces. For example, in the hip, a bursa rests between the bony prominence over the outside of the hip (the greater trochanter) and the firm tendon that passed over this bone. When the tendon has to move over the bone and over the inflamed bursa it will result in pain. Because patients with hip bursitis move this tendon with each step, hip bursitis symptoms can be quite painful. Hip bursitis presents as the pain on the outside of the upper thigh. Management of hip bursitis is often directed on balancing the function of hip, knee and pelvis thus eliminating the cause of the pain as well as local application of the cold laser directed on suppression of inflammation and accelerating healing of the soft tissues

For further in depth information on hip pain, please go to top left corner under “pain” or “conditions” for treatment also go to top left corner under “Treatments” for “Cold Laser Therapy” 

Call 02476 222002.Registered with BUPA. AXA PPP. HSA. AVIVA. CIGNA. Simpleyhealth. Standard life. Pru health. Mercia health.Medicash Medisure. All health insurance accepted.

Back injuries. Cold Laser Therapy for pain relief for back injuries such as  Bulging, Prolapsed, Herniated or Slipped discs. Disc Degeneration. Spinal Stenosis. Spondylolysis Spondylolisthesis. Sacroiliac joint. Facet Joints. Muscles. Ligaments. Ankylosing Spondylitis.

Causes of Back Pain  Muscles/Ligaments

Among the many causes of back pain, the most common by far is a sprain or strain of muscles or ligaments. Muscle spasm can occur after twisting or bending awkwardly, or from a simple sneeze or cough. The majority of muscle spasms tend to get better over time. Severe cases of muscle spasms are treated with medication, physical therapy, also Cold Laser Therapy, The Cold Laser Therapy section can be found listed under “Treatments”. 

Disc Degeneration

Disc problems are common causes of back pain. After an injury, or as we age, discs lose fluid content and deteriorate in a process called disc

The earliest form of injury to a disc is in the form of tears or fissures in the annulus fibrosis (outer portion) of the disc. The annulus fibrosis is very much is like a large round ligament that prevents the nucleus pulposus (inner gel-like portion) of the disc from protruding outward. Tears in the annulus heal by scar formation weakening the tissue. The repetitive annular tears degeneration.which heal by scar formation lead to a disc that begins to degenerate.

As degeneration progresses the disc becomes stiff, narrow, and losses its ability to act as a shock absorber. Loss of shock absorbing capacity of the disc leads to increased stress being put on the bones of the spine causing formation of bone sours or osteophytes. If bone spurs get large enough, they may cause pressure on nerves in the spinal canal which would present as numbness and weakness in the arms or legs depending on the spinal level being affected. The combination of disc degeneration and bone spur formation in the spine is called spondylosis. Any narrowing within the spinal canal, from bone spur formation or from any other cause such as disc prolapsed of thickening of the ligaments of the spine is called spinal stenosis. Spondylosis or spinal stenosis can occur at any region in the spine: cervical, thoracic, or lumbar.

Bulging Disc, Protruding Disc, Prolapsed Disc, Herniated Disc, Extruded disc, Slipped Disc.

The above terms generally describe a disc that is displaced beyond the limits of the intervertebral disc space i.e. the borders of annulus fibrous (the outer fibrous part of the disc)

Disc prolapse or herniation is the protrusion of the central portion of the disc through a tear in the outer annular wall of the disc. If disc prolapsed results in the compression (direct or indirect) of the nerve root it would cause symptoms of pain, numbness, or weakness. In some individuals however, disc protrusions will not cause any symptoms. A disc extrusion is a severe version of a disc protrusion in which a large portion of the nucleus pulposus is displaced through the wall of the disc. A disc extrusion is almost always would result in the symptoms of nerve root compression.

 Facet Joints

Facet joints irritation is another cause of back pain. Facet joints are small pairs of joints on the back of the spinal column where the vertebrae meet. Facet joints provide stability to the spine by interlocking two adjacent vertebrae. Facet joints also allow the spine to bend forward (flexion), bend backward (extension), and twist. 

Inflammation of facet joints can occur from injuries, excessive stress put on the spine or a form of arthritis. Facet joint problems are functional problems and would not be visualised on the x-rays of the MRI scan.

Spinal Stenosis

The term stenosis describes any narrowing of the spinal canal. Among many causes of spinal stenosis the most common one is degenerative changes or oseoarthritis of the spine, which occurs almost inevitably as a part of the aging process.

Canal stenosis can be caused by many factors such as enlargement of the facet joints due to degenerative changes; hypertrophy (enlargement) of the ligamentum flavum – the main ligament of the spinal canal; the protrusion or herniation of intervertebral discs into the canal and forward slippage of vertebrae in a condition called spondylolisthesis – all contribute into narrowing of spinal canal on their own or in conjunction with each other.

Main symptoms of spinal stenosis in lumbar spine is pain in the back and legs aggravated by standing and walking and relieved by sitting or stooping forward. Legs pain induced by walking is known as neurogenic claudication (from the Latin claudico, to limp). Neurogenic claudication must be distinguished from is vascular claudication, or leg pain on walking caused by insufficient blood flow to the legs. The features which help to distinguish neurogenic from vascular claudication are the following:

In neurogenic claudication pain occurs after varying amounts of exercise, with standing, or with coughing. Vascular claudication is reliably produced with a fixed amount of exercise, such as walking a certain number of blocks, and is rare at rest. The main distinguishing feature of neurogenic claudication and vascular claudication is the pain relief with sitting and stooping in cases of neurogenic claudication while vascular claudication pain is usually quickly relieved by resting in a standing position. Sensory loss of neurological claudication is in a nerve root distribution, while with vascular insufficiency it is in a stocking-glove distribution. Signs of vascular insufficiency should be absent in neurogenic claudication: diminished pulses, foot pallor on elevation, and decreased temperature of the feet.

Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis

Spondylolysis and Spondylolistheses are the most common causes of lower back pain in adolescents. Spondylolysis is a  fracture in one  or both pedicles  of the vertebrae that make up the spinal column. It usually affects either the fourth or the fifth lumbar vertebra in the lower back. The fracture site is called a pars defect.

If the bone is unable to maintain its proper position, the top vertebrae can shift forward on top of the bottom vertebrae. This condition is called spondylolisthesis.

For adults, a spondylolisthesis is normally caused from degenerative changes in the spine. When too much movement or slippage occurs, the bones may begin to press on nerves and surgery may become necessary to correct the condition.

Causes such as genetic, overuse or degenerative changes can contribute to development of spondylolisthesis. 

Sacroiliac Joints

Another very common cause of lower back pain is a dysfunction of sacro-iliac joints. The sacroiliac joint connects the sacrum (the triangular bone at the bottom of the spine) with the pelvis (iliac crest).

The inflammation of sacroiliac joint can result from an acute injury or from chronic postural abnormalities such as undue stress on the joint following lower back fusion surgery, degenerative changes of the hip and knee joint as well as from fallen arches of the foot. Pain distribution from sacroiliac joint abnormalities is in the low back, buttock/hip, abdomen, groin, or legs.

Ankylosing Spondylitis

Ankylosing spondylitis is an inflammatory condition affecting the spine. With ankylosing spondylitis, the joints and ligaments that normally permit the spine to move become inflamed and stiff. with time the bones of the spine may fuse together, causing the spine to become rigid and inflexible.

Other rare causes of back pain include:

Benign or malignant tumors of the spine or spinal cord Problems of the digestive tract, genitourinary or gynaecological problems can cause referred low back pain Infections.

Cold laser Therapy/Treatment

The lasers used at Central Chiropractic and Physiotherapy Clinic are certified as Cold Laser.  For the past 30 years the technology of Cold Laser Therapy (also known as Low Level Laser Therapy) has been formally accepted in North America and in many other parts of the world such as Europe, Russia and Japan.  In all this time there have been no recorded long-term adverse effects from low level laser therapy.  It is considered to be non-invasive, painless and safe.

Cold Laser Therapy uses laser light energy to stimulate cells to function optimally.  In the body, light sensitive chromophores and other elements within the cell absorb energy, initiating a series of important photochemical changes such as increased production of ATP. The mitochondria and Kreb’s Cycle stimulation initiates the production of ATP, providing the cell with the extra energy needed to accelerate the healing process and positively influence pain.  These activities can occur in all types of cells and includes ligament, nerves, cartilage and muscle.

Low Level Cold Laser Therapy (LLLT) is a Handheld, non-invasive, light-emitting medical device which is used over different areas of the body. It provides an unmatched advantage in the treatment of conditions such as;

Back pain, lower back pain

Slipped disc, Prolapsed disc, Herniated disc, Bulging disc.

Trapped  nerve.

Hip Pain Sacroiliac joint inflammation 

Athletic InjuriesLower Back Pain
Knee and Foot Pain
Shoulder Injury
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Arthritic Pain relief, Muscle Spasm
Relief of Muscle and Joint Pain
Skin infections.

Wound Management including Skin Ulcers, Pressure Sores and Burn

Soft Tissue Injuries including

Sprains and Strains, Tendonitis and Haematomas.

Joint Disorders including Arthritic pain relief and Tenosynovitis.

Chronic pain such as Trigeminal Neuralgia and Chronic Neck and Back pain.

Whiplash Associated Disorder (WAD) “Whiplash” injury Neck Pain and injuries.

For further in depth information on Back Pain, Sciatica, Lower Back Pain, please go to top left corner under “Pain” or “Conditions”.