Low Level laser Therapy (LLLT)  also known as Cold Laser Therapy,for injuries,fractures and pain relief, pain and injury to the neck shoulder, and Chronic back Pain, specific injuries and conditions are listed below.

Fractures, Shoulder, Arm, Wrist, Hand, Ribs, Hip, Leg Stress Fractures, Shin Splints,Ankle and Foot. Neck & Upper Back Pain, Mid Back Pain Chest & Ribs, , Sciatica, Lower Back Pain, Bulging, Prolapsed, Herniated, or “Slipped disc”. Disc Degeneration,  Spinal Stenosis, Spondylolysis Spondylolisthesis, Sacroiliac joint inflammation, Facet Joints. Muscles, Ligaments, Ankylosing Spondylitis, Scoliosis, Muscle Spasm, and Trigger Point Therapy, Trapped Nerves, Cervicalgia.

Low Level laser Therapy (LLLT)  also known as Cold Laser Therapy/Treatment

Low Level Laser Therapy(LLLT) also so known as Cold Laser Therapy has been tested in over 200 clinical trials (RCTs) and published in the world’s top medical journals including a review by The Lancet, a clinical study in the journal PAIN and is acknowledged by the World Health Organisation Bone and Joint Task Force  and published in the journal Spine.

The lasers used  are certified as  low level laser therapy  (LLLT).  For the past 30 years the technology of low level laser therapy (also known as Cold Laser Therapy has been formally accepted in North America and in many other parts of the world  such as Europe, Russia and Japan.  In all this time there have been no recorded long-term adverse effects from low level laser therapy.  It is considered to be non-invasive, painless and safe.

Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) uses laser light energy to stimulate cells to function optimally.  In the body, light sensitive chromophores and other elements within the cell absorb energy, initiating a series of important photochemical changes such as increased production of ATP. The mitochondria and Kreb’s Cycle stimulation initiates the production of ATP, providing the cell with the extra energy needed to accelerate the healing process and positively influence pain.  These activities can occur in all types of cells and includes ligament, nerves, cartilage and muscle.

Low Level Laser Therapy(LLLT) is a treatment where by a low level laser is utilized to treat chronic and acute pain.  Low level laser therapy may be used for patients suffering from Sciatica, back and neck, hip, knee, ankle, foot pain and conditions a, musculoskeletal pain, joint pain associated with arthritis, fibromyalgia, tendonitis, bursitis, neuropathy, Achilles tendonitis, migraine headaches, sprains and strains,trapped nerves, carpal tunnel syndrome , back, neck, shoulder pain and other associated pains. Low Level laser therapy also treats conditions such as TMJ, reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) and other inflammatory and scarring conditions. By increasing serotonin levels, low level laser therapy contributes to the body’s own healing process. Non-thermal and non-invasive, low level laser therapy involves a combination of low level laser and electric stimulation and is one of the most effective healing therapies. Completed in ten to twelve sessions,  low level laser therapy(LLLT) can significantly reduce treatment time and costs.

Low Laser Therapy(LLLT) has been tested in over 200 clinical trials (RCTs) and published in the world’s top medical journals including a review by The Lancet, a clinical study in the journal PAIN and is acknowledged by the World Health Organisation Bone and Joint Task Force  and published in the journal Spine.

Low Laser Therapy (LLLT) Research on Neck Pain and”Whiplash” (WAD) 

Low level Laser treatment for neck pain.

Neck pain  is common, often persistent, and responds poorly to medication. So it is encouraging to read that a relatively novel, non-invasive treatment shows evidence of effectiveness. A systematic review and meta-analysis of 16 randomised controlled trials of low-level laser therapy (LLLT)’ yielded 820 patients, for whom data was pooled. LLLT was found to reduce pain immediately after treatment in acute neck pain and up to 22 weeks after completion of treatment in patients with chronic neck pain. Low-level laser – or cold laser – is yet to be established as a medical treatment but, according to Wikipedia, papers are appearing at the rate of around 25 per month, mainly investigating treatment of musculoskeletal disorders.

1. Chow RT, Johnson Ml, Lopes-Martins RA, Bjordal JM. Efficacy of low-level laser therapy in the management of neck pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised placebo or active-treatment controlled trials. Lancet 2009 Dec 5;374(9705):1897-908.

Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT)

Low Level  Laser Therapy (LLLT) has a 5 star rating for soft tissue injuries,conditions and inflammation.  Low Level Laser Therapy is a handheld, non-invasive, light-emitting medical device which is used over different areas of the body. It provides an unmatched advantage in the treatment of Injuries and conditions such as;

Fractures to the Collarbone, Scapula Arm, Wrist, Hand, Ribs, Leg, Stress Fractures, Shin Splints  Ankle, Foot ,

Athletic and sports Injuries, Soft tissue injuries including Sprains and Strains, Tendonitis and Haematomas

Lower leg (calf pain) inflammation, Shin splints, Hamstring, Achilles tendonitis, Bursitis, conditions and disorders

Ankle sprains, injury, and fractures, inflammation conditions and disorders

Heel and foot injury, pain, Bursitis, Achilles Tendonitis, Plantar fasciitis, conditions and disorders

Knee pain, injuries, tears, ligament, Tendon injury, ruptures, Runners Knee, inflammation, Bursitis, conditions and disorders

Shoulder injury, pain, Shoulder tears, fractures inflammation, Tenosynovitis ,Tendonitis, Bursitis, conditions such as frozen shoulder, and disorders

Neck injury, Neck Pain, Neck sprain, Whiplash injury.

Back Injury,   Lower back pain, Sciatica, slipped discs, prolapsed disc, herniated / bulging discs, Trapped nerves and inflammation.

Elbow, Wrist and Hand injury, Tendonitis, inflammation, fractures, conditions and disorders, such as Tennis Elbow,(Golfers Elbow) Carpal Tunnel Syndrome,

Hip injury and pain, Sacroiliac Joint inflammation, groin and thigh strain (pull), sports hernia, Hip Bursitis/Tendonitis, Trochanteric Bursitis, conditions and disorders

Muscle sprain and spasms, Cramps, Joint Pain and stiff Joints.

Pain Relief, including Arthritic pain relief.

Wound Management including Skin Ulcers, Pressure Sores and Burns, Skin infections

Chronic pain such as Trigeminal Neuralgia and Chronic Neck and Back pain.

Safety

Low level laser therapy(LLLT) is not harmful. Lasers used for tissue stimulation have insufficient strength to damage cells. 30 years of clinical studies and clinical use have shown no adverse effects whatsoever.

The Advantages of Low Intensity Laser Therapy

• Non-invasive
• Non-toxic
• Easily applied
• Highly effective
• Cure rate > 95%
• No known negative side effects

Mechanism of Action

Therapeutic lasers work by supplying energy to the body in the form of photons of light. The tissues and cells then absorb this energy, where it is used to accelerate the normal rate of tissue healing.

Therapeutic Benefits of Laser Therapy:

• Anti-inflammatory Action: Laser light reduces swelling, leading to decreased pain, less stiffness, and a faster return to normal joint and muscle function.
• Rapid Cell Growth: Laser light accelerates cellular reproduction and growth.
• Faster Wound Healing: Laser light stimulates fibroblast development and accelerates collagen synthesis in damaged tissue.
• Reduced Fibrous Tissue Formation: Laser light reduces formation of scar tissue, leading to more complete healing, with less chance of weakness and re-injury later.
• Increased Vascular Activity: Laser light increases blood flow to the injured area.
• Stimulated Nerve Function: Laser light speeds nerve cell processes which may decrease pain and numbness associated with nerve-related conditions.

Frequency of Treatments

While some patients get immediate results, others require 6-10 treatments before seeing a lasting effect. Less severe or acute injuries will require fewer treatments than chronic or severe conditions.

Low Level laser Therapy (LLLT)  also known as Cold Laser Therapy,for injuries,fractures and pain relief, pain and injury to the neck shoulder, and Chronic back Pain, specific injuries and conditions are listed below.

Fractures, Shoulder, Arm, Wrist, Hand, Ribs, Hip, Leg Stress Fractures, Shin Splints,Ankle and Foot. Neck & Upper Back Pain, Mid Back Pain Chest & Ribs, , Sciatica, Lower Back Pain, Bulging, Prolapsed, Herniated, or “Slipped disc”. Disc Degeneration,  Spinal Stenosis, Spondylolysis Spondylolisthesis, Sacroiliac joint inflammation, Facet Joints. Muscles, Ligaments, Ankylosing Spondylitis, Scoliosis, Muscle Spasm, and Trigger Point Therapy, Trapped Nerves, Cervicalgia.

Low Level laser Therapy (LLLT)  also known as Cold Laser Therapy/Treatment

Low Level Laser Therapy(LLLT) also so known as Cold Laser Therapy has been tested in over 200 clinical trials (RCTs) and published in the world’s top medical journals including a review by The Lancet, a clinical study in the journal PAIN and is acknowledged by the World Health Organisation Bone and Joint Task Force , and published in the journal Spine.

The lasers used  are certified as  low level laser therapy  (LLLT).  For the past 30 years the technology of low level laser therapy (also known as Cold Laser Therapy has been formally accepted in North America and in many other parts of the world  such as Europe, Russia and Japan.  In all this time there have been no recorded long-term adverse effects from low level laser therapy.  It is considered to be non-invasive, painless and safe.

Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) uses laser light energy to stimulate cells to function optimally.  In the body, light sensitive chromophores and other elements within the cell absorb energy, initiating a series of important photochemical changes such as increased production of ATP. The mitochondria and Kreb’s Cycle stimulation initiates the production of ATP, providing the cell with the extra energy needed to accelerate the healing process and positively influence pain.  These activities can occur in all types of cells and includes ligament, nerves, cartilage and muscle.

Low Level Laser Therapy(LLLT) is a treatment where by a low level laser is utilized to treat chronic and acute pain.  Low level laser therapy may be used for patients suffering from Sciatica, back and neck, hip, knee, ankle, foot pain and conditions a, musculoskeletal pain, joint pain associated with arthritis, fibromyalgia, tendonitis, bursitis, neuropathy, Achilles tendonitis, migraine headaches, sprains and strains,trapped nerves, carpal tunnel syndrome , back, neck, shoulder pain and other associated pains. Low Level laser therapy also treats conditions such as TMJ, reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) and other inflammatory and scarring conditions. By increasing serotonin levels, low level laser therapy contributes to the body’s own healing process. Non-thermal and non-invasive, low level laser therapy involves a combination of low level laser and electric stimulation and is one of the most effective healing therapies. Completed in ten to twelve sessions,  low level laser therapy(LLLT) can significantly reduce treatment time and costs.

Low Laser Therapy(LLLT) has been tested in over 200 clinical trials (RCTs) and published in the world’s top medical journals including a review by The Lancet, a clinical study in the journal PAIN and is acknowledged by the World Health Organisation Bone and Joint Task Force  and published in the journal Spine.

Low Laser Therapy (LLLT) Research on Neck Pain and”Whiplash” (WAD) 

Low level Laser treatment for neck pain.

Neck pain  is common, often persistent, and responds poorly to medication. So it is encouraging to read that a relatively novel, non-invasive treatment shows evidence of effectiveness. A systematic review and meta-analysis of 16 randomised controlled trials of low-level laser therapy (LLLT)’ yielded 820 patients, for whom data was pooled. LLLT was found to reduce pain immediately after treatment in acute neck pain and up to 22 weeks after completion of treatment in patients with chronic neck pain. Low-level laser – or cold laser – is yet to be established as a medical treatment but, according to Wikipedia, papers are appearing at the rate of around 25 per month, mainly investigating treatment of musculoskeletal disorders.

1. Chow RT, Johnson Ml, Lopes-Martins RA, Bjordal JM. Efficacy of low-level laser therapy in the management of neck pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised placebo or active-treatment controlled trials. Lancet 2009 Dec 5;374(9705):1897-908.

Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT)

Low Level  Laser Therapy (LLLT) has a 5 star rating for soft tissue injuries,conditions and inflammation.  Low Level Laser Therapy is a handheld, non-invasive, light-emitting medical device which is used over different areas of the body. It provides an unmatched advantage in the treatment of Injuries and conditions such as;

Fractures to the Collarbone, Scapula Arm, Wrist, Hand, Ribs, Leg, Stress Fractures, Shin Splints  Ankle, Foot ,

Athletic and sports Injuries, Soft tissue injuries including Sprains and Strains, Tendonitis and Haematomas

Lower leg (calf pain) inflammation, Shin splints, Hamstring, Achilles tendonitis, Bursitis, conditions and disorders

Ankle sprains, injury, and fractures, inflammation conditions and disorders

Heel and foot injury, pain, Bursitis, Achilles Tendonitis, Plantar fasciitis, conditions and disorders

Knee pain, injuries, tears, ligament, Tendon injury, ruptures, Runners Knee, inflammation, Bursitis, conditions and disorders

Shoulder injury, pain, Shoulder tears, fractures inflammation, Tenosynovitis ,Tendonitis, Bursitis, conditions such as frozen shoulder, and disorders

Neck injury, Neck Pain, Neck sprain, Whiplash injury.

Back Injury,   Lower back pain, Sciatica, slipped discs, prolapsed disc, herniated / bulging discs, Trapped nerves and inflammation.

Elbow, Wrist and Hand injury, Tendonitis, inflammation, fractures, conditions and disorders, such as Tennis Elbow,(Golfers Elbow) Carpal Tunnel Syndrome,

Hip injury and pain, Sacroiliac Joint inflammation, groin and thigh strain (pull), sports hernia, Hip Bursitis/Tendonitis, Trochanteric Bursitis, conditions and disorders

Muscle sprain and spasms, Cramps, Joint Pain and stiff Joints.

Pain Relief, including Arthritic pain relief.

Wound Management including Skin Ulcers, Pressure Sores and Burns, Skin infections

Chronic pain such as Trigeminal Neuralgia and Chronic Neck and Back pain.

Safety

Low level laser therapy(LLLT) is not harmful. Lasers used for tissue stimulation have insufficient strength to damage cells. 30 years of clinical studies and clinical use have shown no adverse effects whatsoever.

The Advantages of Low Intensity Laser Therapy

• Non-invasive
• Non-toxic
• Easily applied
• Highly effective
• Cure rate > 95%
• No known negative side effects

Mechanism of Action

Therapeutic lasers work by supplying energy to the body in the form of photons of light. The tissues and cells then absorb this energy, where it is used to accelerate the normal rate of tissue healing.

Therapeutic Benefits of Laser Therapy:

• Anti-inflammatory Action: Laser light reduces swelling, leading to decreased pain, less stiffness, and a faster return to normal joint and muscle function.
• Rapid Cell Growth: Laser light accelerates cellular reproduction and growth.
• Faster Wound Healing: Laser light stimulates fibroblast development and accelerates collagen synthesis in damaged tissue.
• Reduced Fibrous Tissue Formation: Laser light reduces formation of scar tissue, leading to more complete healing, with less chance of weakness and re-injury later.
• Increased Vascular Activity: Laser light increases blood flow to the injured area.
• Stimulated Nerve Function: Laser light speeds nerve cell processes which may decrease pain and numbness associated with nerve-related conditions.

Frequency of Treatments

While some patients get immediate results, others require 6-10 treatments before seeing a lasting effect. Less severe or acute injuries will require fewer treatments than chronic or severe conditions.

For the management of Back Injuries, here at Central Chiropractic and Physiotherapy Clinic, we use the latest Low Level Lasers which accelerate the recovery and healing process, leading to a significant reduction in pain inflammation. A 5 star rating has been awarded to Low Level Laser Therapy, our laser section can be found listed under ”Pain Relief”, please also view our  ”Low level Laser Testimonial Video”.   

Back Injuries  

Chiropractic or Physiotherapy for back pain and injuries may include; Cold or low level laser therapy for pain relief, for injuries such as;   

Bulging disc, also known as a  Prolapsed,  Herniated,  Slipped disc, also included are , disc Degeneration, Spinal Stenosis, Spondylolysis, Spondylolisthesis, Sacroiliac joint, Facet Joints, Muscles, Ligaments, Ankylosing Spondylitis.   

Causes of Back Pain,  

Muscles and Ligaments           

Among the many causes of back pain, the most common by far is a sprain or strain of muscles or ligaments. Muscle spasm can occur after twisting or bending awkwardly, or from a simple sneeze or cough. The majority of muscle spasms tend to get better over time. Severe cases of muscle spasms are treated with medication, physical therapy, also cold/low level laser therapy, View our cold/low level laser therapy section listed under “Pain Relief”.   

Disc Degeneration  

Disc problems are common causes of back pain. After an injury, or as we age, discs lose fluid content and deteriorate in a process called disc degeneration.  

The earliest form of injury to a disc is in the form of tears or fissures in the annulus fibrosis (outer portion) of the disc. The annulus fibrosis is very much is like a large round ligament that prevents the nucleus pulposus (inner gel-like portion) of the disc from protruding outward. Tears in the annulus heal by scar formation weakening the tissue. The repetitive annular tears which heal by scar formation lead to a disc that begins to degenerate.  

As degeneration progresses the disc becomes stiff, narrow, and losses its ability to act as a shock absorber. Loss of shock absorbing capacity of the disc leads to increased stress being put on the bones of the spine causing formation of bone sours or osteophytes. If bone spurs get large enough, they may cause pressure on nerves in the spinal canal which would present as numbness and weakness in the arms or legs depending on the spinal level being affected. The combination of disc degeneration and bone spur formation in the spine is called spondylosis. Any narrowing within the spinal canal, from bone spur formation or from any other cause such as disc prolapsed of thickening of the ligaments of the spine is called spinal stenosis. Spondylosis or spinal stenosis can occur at any region in the spine: cervical, thoracic or lumbar.  

Bulging Disc, Protruding Disc, Prolapsed Disc, Herniated Disc, Extruded disc, Slipped Disc.  

The above terms generally describe a disc that is displaced beyond the limits of the intervertebral disc space i.e. the borders of annulus fibrous (the outer fibrous part of the disc)  

Disc prolapse or herniation is the protrusion of the central portion of the disc through a tear in the outer annular wall of the disc. If disc prolapsed results in the compression (direct or indirect) of the nerve root it would cause symptoms of pain, numbness, or weakness. In some individuals however, disc protrusions will not cause any symptoms. A disc extrusion is a severe version of a disc protrusion in which a large portion of the nucleus pulposus is displaced through the wall of the disc. A disc extrusion is almost always would result in the symptoms of nerve root compression.  

Facet Joints  

Facet joints irritation is another cause of back pain. Facet joints are small pairs of joints on the back of the spinal column where the vertebrae meet. Facet joints provide stability to the spine by interlocking two adjacent vertebrae. Facet joints also allow the spine to bend forward (flexion), bend backward (extension), and twist.   

Inflammation of facet joints can occur from injuries, excessive stress put on the spine or a form of arthritis. Facet joint problems are functional problems and would not be visualised on the x-rays of the MRI scan.  

Spinal Stenosis  

The term stenosis describes any narrowing of the spinal canal. Among many causes of spinal stenosis the most common one is degenerative changes or oseoarthritis of the spine, which occurs almost inevitably as a part of the aging process.  

Canal stenosis can be caused by many factors such as enlargement of the facet joints due to degenerative changes; hypertrophy (enlargement) of the ligamentum flavum – the main ligament of the spinal canal; the protrusion or herniation of intervertebral discs into the canal and forward slippage of vertebrae in a condition called spondylolisthesis – all contribute into narrowing of spinal canal on their own or in conjunction with each other.  

Main symptoms of spinal stenosis in lumbar spine is pain in the back and legs aggravated by standing and walking and relieved by sitting or stooping forward. Legs pain induced by walking is known as neurogenic claudication (from the Latin claudico, to limp). Neurogenic claudication must be distinguished from is vascular claudication, or leg pain on walking caused by insufficient blood flow to the legs. The features which help to distinguish neurogenic from vascular claudication are the following:   

In neurogenic claudication pain occurs after varying amounts of exercise, with standing, or with coughing. Vascular claudication is reliably produced with a fixed amount of exercise, such as walking a certain number of blocks, and is rare at rest. The main distinguishing feature of neurogenic claudication and vascular claudication is the pain relief with sitting and stooping in cases of neurogenic claudication while vascular claudication pain is usually quickly relieved by resting in a standing position. Sensory loss of neurological claudication is in a nerve root distribution, while with vascular insufficiency it is in a stocking-glove distribution. Signs of vascular insufficiency should be absent in neurogenic claudication: diminished pulses, foot pallor on elevation, and decreased temperature of the feet.  

Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis  

Spondylolysis and Spondylolistheses are the most common causes of lower back pain in adolescents. Spondylolysis is a  fracture in one  or both pedicles  of the vertebrae that make up the spinal column. It usually affects either the fourth or the fifth lumbar vertebra in the lower back. The fracture site is called a pars defect.  

If the bone is unable to maintain its proper position, the top vertebrae can shift forward on top of the bottom vertebrae. This condition is called spondylolisthesis.  

For adults, a spondylolisthesis is normally caused from degenerative changes in the spine. When too much movement or slippage occurs, the bones may begin to press on nerves and surgery may become necessary to correct the condition.  

Causes such as genetic, overuse or degenerative changes can contribute to development of spondylolisthesis.   

Sacroiliac Joints  

Another very common cause of lower back pain is a dysfunction of sacro-iliac joints. The sacroiliac joint connects the sacrum (the triangular bone at the bottom of the spine) with the pelvis (iliac crest).  

The inflammation of sacroiliac joint can result from an acute injury or from chronic postural abnormalities such as undue stress on the joint following lower back fusion surgery, degenerative changes of the hip and knee joint as well as from fallen arches of the foot. Pain distribution from sacroiliac joint abnormalities is in the low back, buttock/hip, abdomen, groin, or legs.  

Ankylosing Spondylitis  

Ankylosing  spondylitis is an inflammatory condition affecting the spine. With ankylosing spondylitis, the joints and ligaments that normally permit the spine to move become inflamed and stiff. with time the bones of the spine may fuse together, causing the spine to become rigid and inflexible.  

Other rare causes of back pain include:  

Benign or malignant tumors of the spine or spinal cord Problems of the digestive tract, genitourinary or gynaecological problems can cause referred low back pain Infections.  

Cold/low level laser therapy/treatment  

The lasers used at Central Chiropractic Clinic are certified as Cold Laser.  For the past 30 years the technology of Cold Laser Therapy (also known as Low Level Laser Therapy) has been formally accepted in North America and in many other parts of the world such as Europe, Russia and Japan.  In all this time there have been no recorded long-term adverse effects from low level laser therapy.  It is considered to be non-invasive, painless and safe.  

Cold/low level Laser Therapy uses laser light energy to stimulate cells to function optimally.  In the body, light sensitive chromophores and other elements within the cell absorb energy, initiating a series of important photochemical changes such as increased production of ATP. The mitochondria and Kreb’s Cycle stimulation initiates the production of ATP, providing the cell with the extra energy needed to accelerate the healing process and positively influence pain.  These activities can occur in all types of cells and includes ligament, nerves, cartilage and muscle.  

Cold/Low Level  Laser Therapy (LLLT) is a Handheld, non-invasive, light-emitting medical device which is used over different areas of the body. It provides an unmatched advantage in the treatment of conditions such as;  

Back pain, lower back pain, Sciatica.  

Bulging disc, Slipped disc, Prolapsed disc, Herniated disc,  

Trapped  nerves.   

Hip Pain, Sacroiliac Joint inflammation.  

Athletic Injuries  

Lower Back Pain
Knee and Foot Pain
Shoulder Injury
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Arthritic pain relief, Muscle Spasm
Relief of Muscle and Joint Pain
Skin infections.  

Wound Management including Skin Ulcers, Pressure Sores and Burn  

Soft Tissue Injuries including  Sprains and Strains, Tendonitis and Haematomas.  

Joint Disorders  including Arthritic pain relief and Tenosynovitis.  

Chronic pain  such as Trigeminal Neuralgia and Neck and Back pain.  

“Whiplash” (WAD) injury Neck Pain and injuries  

For further in depth information on Back Pain, Sciatica, Lower Back Pain, please go to top left corner under “Pain” or “Conditions”.

There are 12 pairs of ribs, which are attached to the vertebrae (backbone), in the back and of which 10 are attached in the front to the sternum( or commonly known as the breastbone) by cartilage. The ribs function as protection for the vital organs in the chest cavity such as the heart, lungs, liver, and spleen.

Between the ribs are small muscles for support, which are called the intercostals. The ribs attach to the sternum with cartilage at locations called the costochondral junctions.

What causes a fracture of the ribs?

A direct blow to the ribs may well cause a fracture. Because the ribs are close to the surface and don’t have as much protection as other bones, they are vulnerable. Rib fractures are the most common form of chest injury. Costochondral separations can also occur where a rib separates from the sternum. This will result in pain similar to a rib fracture and if the dislocation is complete.

A severe blow to the chest may also result in a fractured sternum or breastbone. Again signs and symptoms resemble a rib fracture with pain along the sternum.

What are the symptoms of a fractured rib?
Pain (particularly on deep breaths and coughing)
Bruising to the rib area
Muscle spasms over the ribs
Possibly some abnormal-type sounds when the rib is touched at the point of injury.

Mid-Back Pain. Chest & Ribs, healing and pain relief with Cold/ Low Level laser Therapy.

Put your hands alongside your chest and sides and you can easily feel your bony ribs. In the front they attach to your breastbone or sternum and in the back they attach to your spinal bones or vertebrae. Ancient anatomists thought your ribs looked like the bars of a cage so they called them, with their attachments, your “rib cage.”

What is in that cage? Some very important organs are protected there: your heart, lungs, major blood vessels, diaphragm and other structures. It’s important to keep this “cage” in alignment and balanced. A misaligned rib cage can put unnatural pressure on its vital inhabitants affecting their proper functioning.

Thoracic Subluxations

Thoradc subluxations can affect the heart, lungs and other organs in your chest cavity, preventing the proper draining of lymphatic fluids from your head, brain, throat, chest, abdomen and legs. Subluxations can also restrict your breathing, and can also affect your sympathetic nerves which influence the function of your internal organs, senses and brain itself. Two types of thoracic subluxations have a special name: Thoracic Outlet Syndrome and T4 Syndrome.

Thoradc Outlet Syndrome (TGS) affects your brachial plexus, a collection of nerves that go from your spine to your arms, hands and shoulders. TGS is characterized by pain in the head, neck or upper extremities, paresthesia (strange nerve pains) and other symptoms.

Symptoms of T4 Syndrome, caused by a vertebral subluxation of the 4th thoracic, may include heaviness and swelling in one or both upper extremities; “tingling ” feeling of the shoulders. arms or hands; feelings of a tight band around the upper arm and feelings of heat or cold in one or both hands. Because the sympathetic system can be involved, patients with these syndromes may feel heart-like pain in the chest and left upper extremity and think they are having a heart attack. These conditions can also be confused with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.

Are You Subluxated?

The ribs may get subluxated from trauma-sports, accidents, injuries and even birth stress. However, the thoracic spine moves differently from the neck (cervical) and lower back (lumbar) areas since it is attached to the ribs.

Special spinal adjustment techniques have been developed for this area. When a thoracic vertebra becomes subluxated, the ribs and the sternum (breastbone) are affected. Some chiropractors adjust the ribs and sternum directly while others adjust the vertebrae so the connecting structures will then realign. Why not ask your chiropractor how he/she addresses this?

When your chiropractor releases subluxations or spinal nerve pressure in this area the benefits can be both physically and psychologically profound. Everyone should see a chiropractor for a checkups to ensure their mid-back; ribs and the rest of their body are in proper alignment and balance.

Thoracic Vertebrae

The thoracic spine contains 12 medium sized vertebrae all of which form articulations (joints) with 2 opposing ribs. Like the other spinal vertebrae, the thoracic vertebrae act as attachments for muscles and ligaments in the mid spine and also encase and protect the median aspect of the spinal cord and thoracic nerve roots.

Because the thoracic vertebrae form relatively strong articulations with the ribs, the mobility of the thoracic spine is less than that of the cervical and lumbar spines. However, this same characteristic also protects the thoracic spinal discs and facet joints from the wear and tear experienced by these structures in the other areas of the spine.

Common vertebral problems in the thoracic spine include vertebral subluxations, a condition where the vertebrae of the thoracic spine become statically misaligned and/or function abnormally resulting in pain, muscle spasm, and sometime nerve malfunction.

Rib Articulation

The thoracic is unique in that each of its vertebrae attaches to a pair of ribs. There are 12 thoracic vertebrae and thus, 24 ribs (12 ribs on the left and 12 ribs on the right). Just like adjacent connecting vertebrae can misalign and biomechanically malfunction, so too can the thoracic vertebrae and it’s adjacent ribs. When ribs “go out” or misalign in relation to their connecting vertebrae, the individual will often experience sharp pains in the area of the misaligned rib head, especially on twisting movements of the torso.

As with vertebral subluxations, chiropractors can successfully treat rib misalignments with the chiropractic spinal adjustment. The adjustment repositions the rib to it correct position and normalizes impaired motion patterns.

Thoracic Intervertebral Discs

The intervertebral discs in the thoracic spine are located between adjacent vertebrae. They function as spacers to provide clearance for exiting spinal nerves, as connectors to link adjacent vertebrae together and allow for movement, and also as spinal shock absorbers.

The discs of the thoracic spine are less likely to become injured compared to those of the cervical and lumbar spines, making up only 2% of intervertebral disc herniations. This is because of the rib articulations made by the vertebra which significantly increases the stability of the thoracic spine. This does not mean that the discs of the thoracic are immune from damage, rather, statistically less likely to become injured.

Thoracic Facet Joints

The facet joints in the thoracic spine allow for considerable amounts of flexion and extension. The facet joints can become injured with excessive amounts of rotation and extension. Golfers are prime candidates for facet joint injury due to their repetitive twisting motions as they swing their golf clubs. When injured, pain is often sharp and localized to the area of the affected facet joint.

Thoracic Spinal Nerves

The thoracic spinal nerve roots exit openings formed between adjacent thoracic vertebrae termed the intervertebral foramina or IVF. The spinal nerves from the thoracic spine innervate the many muscles of the back as well as the many visceral organs and tissues of the chest and abdominal regions.

Spinal nerve root irritation or compression in the thoracic region commonly leads to intercostal pain (between the ribs). Sharp shooting pains are often experienced along the path of the ribs. Additionally, an increased susceptibility to herpes zoster or “shingles” in some individuals,( generally the elderly or immune compromised) is thought to occur when the thoracic spinal nerves are irritated or compressed. Herpes zoster involves infection to an area of the nerve root, the dorsal root ganglion, with the herpes virus.

Thoracic Spinal Musculature

The paraspinal muscles of the thoracic spine are numerous. They are responsible for the majority of trunkal movements as well as a number of upper extremity movements and are a common source of injury and pain.

Over exertion of the muscles from lifting and pulling and poor posture are the major contributors in mid back strains. Pain originating from these muscles characteristically produces a dull generalized ache.

Call 024 7622 2002.Registered with BUPA. AXA  PPP. HSA. AVIVA. Simplyhealth. Standard Life. Mercia health. BHSF. Pru health .Cigna Police health care scheme Medicare  Medisure. Medicash and all other healthcare insurers .

Low Level laser Therapy (LLLT)  also known as Cold Laser Therapy/Treatment

Low Level Laser Therapy(LLLT) also so known as Cold Laser Therapy has been tested in over 200 clinical trials (RCTs) and published in the world’s top medical journals including a review by The Lancet, a clinical study in the journal PAIN and is acknowledged by the World Health Organisation Bone and Joint Task Force , and published in the journal Spine.

The lasers used  are certified as  low level laser therapy  (LLLT).  For the past 30 years the technology of low level laser therapy (also known as Cold Laser Therapy has been formally accepted in North America and in many other parts of the world such as Europe, Russia and Japan.  In all this time there have been no recorded long-term adverse effects from low level laser therapy.  It is considered to be non-invasive, painless and safe.

Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) uses laser light energy to stimulate cells to function optimally.  In the body, light sensitive chromophores and other elements within the cell absorb energy, initiating a series of important photochemical changes such as increased production of ATP. The mitochondria and Kreb’s Cycle stimulation initiates the production of ATP, providing the cell with the extra energy needed to accelerate the healing process and positively influence pain.  These activities can occur in all types of cells and includes ligament, nerves, cartilage and muscle.

Low Level Laser Therapy(LLLT) is a treatment where by a low level laser is utilized to treat chronic and acute pain.  Low level laser therapy may be used for patients suffering from Sciatica, back and neck, hip, knee, ankle, foot pain and conditions a, musculoskeletal pain, joint pain associated with arthritis, fibromyalgia, tendonitis, bursitis, neuropathy, Achilles tendonitis, migraine headaches, sprains and strains,trapped nerves, carpal tunnel syndrome , back, neck, shoulder pain and other associated pains. Low Level laser therapy also treats conditions such as TMJ, reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) and other inflammatory and scarring conditions. By increasing serotonin levels, low level laser therapy contributes to the body’s own healing process. Non-thermal and non-invasive, low level laser therapy involves a combination of low level laser and electric stimulation and is one of the most effective healing therapies. Completed in ten to twelve sessions,  low level laser therapy(LLLT) can significantly reduce treatment time and costs.

Low Laser Therapy(LLLT) has been tested in over 200 clinical trials (RCTs) and published in the world’s top medical journals including a review by The Lancet, a clinical study in the journal PAIN and is acknowledged by the World Health Organisation Bone and Joint Task Force  and published in the journal Spine.

Low Laser Therapy (LLLT) Research on Neck Pain and”Whiplash” (WAD) 

Low level Laser treatment for neck pain.

Neck pain  is common, often persistent, and responds poorly to medication. So it is encouraging to read that a relatively novel, non-invasive treatment shows evidence of effectiveness. A systematic review and meta-analysis of 16 randomised controlled trials of low-level laser therapy (LLLT)’ yielded 820 patients, for whom data was pooled. LLLT was found to reduce pain immediately after treatment in acute neck pain and up to 22 weeks after completion of treatment in patients with chronic neck pain. Low-level laser – or cold laser – is yet to be established as a medical treatment but, according to Wikipedia, papers are appearing at the rate of around 25 per month, mainly investigating treatment of musculoskeletal disorders.

1. Chow RT, Johnson Ml, Lopes-Martins RA, Bjordal JM. Efficacy of low-level laser therapy in the management of neck pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised placebo or active-treatment controlled trials. Lancet 2009 Dec 5;374(9705):1897-908.

Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT)

Low Level  Laser Therapy (LLLT) has a 5 star rating for soft tissue injuries,conditions and inflammation.  Low Level Laser Therapy is a handheld, non-invasive, light-emitting medical device which is used over different areas of the body. It provides an unmatched advantage in the treatment of conditions such as;

Chest & fractured Ribs.

Fratures of the neck,back, shoulder, arm, wrist,hand,hip, leg, foot,

Athletic and sports Injuries, Soft tissue injuries including Sprains and Strains, Tendonitis and Haematomas

Lower leg (calf pain) inflammation, Shin splints, Hamstring, Achilles tendonitis, Bursitis, conditions and disorders

Ankle sprains, injury, and fractures, inflammation conditions and disorders

Heel and foot injury, pain, Bursitis, Achilles Tendonitis, Plantar fasciitis, conditions and disorders

Knee pain, injuries, tears, ligament, Tendon injury, ruptures, Runners Knee, inflammation, Bursitis, conditions and disorders

Shoulder injury, pain, Shoulder tears, fractures inflammation, Tenosynovitis ,Tendonitis, Bursitis, conditions such as frozen shoulder, and disorders

Neck injury, Neck Pain, Neck sprain, Whiplash injury.

Back Injury,   Lower back pain, Sciatica, slipped discs, prolapsed disc, herniated / bulging discs, Trapped nerves and inflammation.

Elbow, Wrist and Hand injury, Tendonitis, inflammation, fractures, conditions and disorders, such as Tennis Elbow,(Golfers Elbow) Carpal Tunnel Syndrome,

Hip injury and pain, Sacroiliac Joint inflammation, groin and thigh strain (pull), sports hernia, Hip Bursitis/Tendonitis, Trochanteric Bursitis, conditions and disorders

Muscle sprain and spasms, Cramps, Joint Pain and stiff Joints.

Pain Relief, including Arthritic pain relief.

Wound Management including Skin Ulcers, Pressure Sores and Burns, Skin infections

Chronic pain such as Trigeminal Neuralgia and Chronic Neck and Back pain.

Safety

Low level laser therapy(LLLT) is not harmful. Lasers used for tissue stimulation have insufficient strength to damage cells. 30 years of clinical studies and clinical use have shown no adverse effects whatsoever.

The Advantages of Low Intensity Laser Therapy

• Non-invasive
• Non-toxic
• Easily applied
• Highly effective
• Cure rate > 95%
• No known negative side effects

Mechanism of Action

Therapeutic lasers work by supplying energy to the body in the form of photons of light. The tissues and cells then absorb this energy, where it is used to accelerate the normal rate of tissue healing.

Therapeutic Benefits of Laser Therapy:

• Anti-inflammatory Action: Laser light reduces swelling, leading to decreased pain, less stiffness, and a faster return to normal joint and muscle function.
• Rapid Cell Growth: Laser light accelerates cellular reproduction and growth.
• Faster Wound Healing: Laser light stimulates fibroblast development and accelerates collagen synthesis in damaged tissue.
• Reduced Fibrous Tissue Formation: Laser light reduces formation of scar tissue, leading to more complete healing, with less chance of weakness and re-injury later.
• Increased Vascular Activity: Laser light increases blood flow to the injured area.
• Stimulated Nerve Function: Laser light speeds nerve cell processes which may decrease pain and numbness associated with nerve-related conditions.

Frequency of Treatments

While some patients get immediate results, others require 6-10 treatments before seeing a lasting effect. Less severe or acute injuries will require fewer treatments than chronic or severe conditions.

Also available are 32 3D animated educational videos for various back related Injuries and conditions such as (1) Sciatica (2) Degenerative disc (3) Herniated disc (4) Facet Joints (5) Scoliosis (6) Kyphosis Posture (7) Back Neck and Pain Decompression  (they can be found under the listing ”Types of Pain” in our “Back Pain” Section).    

For pain management and Injuries at Central Chiropractic and Physiotherapy Sports Injury Clinic, we use the latest Low Level Lasers which accelerate the recovery and healing process, leading to a significant reduction in pain inflammation. A 5 star rating has been awarded to Low Level Laser Therapy, our laser section can be found listed under ”Pain Relief”, please also view our  ”Low level Laser Testimonial Video”. 

Injuries

Neck Shoulder and Upper Back Pain.

People do not realize how much they move their neck, until they are unable to do so. The neck has the least amount of muscular stabilization to support and move your head, which makes it very susceptible to injury. It doesn’t take much force to disrupt that fine balance.

The spinal cord passes through a space in the vertebrae sending nerve impulses to every part of the body. Between each pair of cervical vertebrae, the spinal cord sends bundles of nerves that pass down the arms and to the upper back, and if your arm is hurting, it may be a problem in the neck! Symptoms in the arms can include numbness, tingling, cold, aching, and “pins and needles”.

The neck can also contribute to headaches, muscle spasms in the shoulders and upper back, ringing ears, otitis media (inflammation in the middle ear, temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMJ or jaw joint). Dysfunction of the neck also causes restricted range of motion and chronic tightness in the upper back.

Causes of Neck and Upper Back Pain. 

Neck and upper back pain is caused by a combination of factors, including injury, poor posture, stress, and disc problems.

Injuries

The most common injury to the neck is a “whiplash”(WAD) injury. “Whiplash”(WAD) is caused by a sudden movement of the head.

Much more common causes of neck pain and headaches are poor posture. It’s easy to get into bad posture habits, can eventually lead to pain and headaches. The rule is simple: keep your neck in a “neutral” position whenever possible. Don’t bend or hunch your neck forward for extended periods. Also, do not to sit in one position for extended period of time. If you must sit for an extended period, make sure your posture is good: Keep your head in a neutral position, make sure your back is always supported, and keep your knees slightly lower than your hips.

Stress

When people become stressed, they unconsciously contract their muscles, Particular the muscles in their back. This ‘Muscle guarding’ or Defence posture is a response designed to guard against injury. Muscle guarding occurs whenever we become emotionally stressed. The area’s most affected are the muscles of the neck, upper back and low back.

Disc Herniations 

Discs in your neck may herniated or bulge and put pressure on the nerves that lead from the spine into your shoulders, arms and hands. Although cervical discs do not bulge nearly as often as lumbar discs do, they occasionally can still get damaged especially when damage sustained from a “whiplash” (WAD) injury

(Listed in our Cold Laser Therapy Section under Inflammatory conditions.) 

Lower Back Pain. Including Cold Laser Therapy for Pain Relief and Recovery.

Sprained ligaments, strained muscles, ruptured discs, trigger points and inflamed joints are the many of different conditions that can result in low back pain. While sports injuries or accidents can lead to an injury and pain, sometimes even the simplest movements, like picking up a pencil from the floor, can have painful results. In addition, conditions such as poor posture, stress, arthritis, kidney stones and kidney infections, can be the cause of low back pain.

There may be many other things that can cause low back pain, and some of those things can be serious if left untreated. Physiotherapists are able in diagnosing the cause and determining a proper course of treatment for low back pain. Following are some of the most common causes.

Subluxations

When a disruption in the normal movement or position of the vertebrae occurs it results in pain and inflammation. In the lumbar spine these occur at the transition between the lower spine and the sacrum. Subluxations can lead to debilitating low back pain, however, subluxations are easily treatable and there is often a significant reduction in pain experienced almost immediately after treatment.

Disc Herniations

A herniated disc does not automatically mean that you may suffer from low back pain. In one study almost 60% of all adults had at least one bulging or herniated disc, even though they did not experienced any back pain. However, herniated discs can be a source of severe and debilitating pain, which may radiate to other areas of the body. Unfortunately, when a disc herniates, they rarely, completely heal. Further deterioration can be avoided through Physiotherapy, but a complete recovery is less common.

Sprains, Strains and Spasms

Sprains strains and spasms, are the most common source of low back pain. Overworking the muscles or ligaments of the low back may lead to tears in the tissues, which become painful, swollen and may even ache, with a tightening to the area affected.

Stress

When you become stressed your body responds by increasing the levels of stress hormones leading to the rise of blood pressure and heart rate and tightening up of your muscles. By becoming stressed all the time your muscles will become weak and painful loaded with trigger points.

Cold laser Therapy/Treatment

Low Level Cold Laser Therapy (LLLT) is a Handheld, non invasive, light-emitting medical device which is used over different areas of the body. It provides an unmatched advantage in the treatment of conditions such as Athletic and sports injuries;

Upper and Lower Back Pain and injuries.

Slipped disc.

Prolapsed disc.

Herniated disc.

Bulging disc.

Sciatica. 

Trapped Nerves.

Stiff Back.

Knee and Foot Pain
Shoulder Injury
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Arthritic Pain Relief,

Muscle Spasm
Relief of Muscle and Joint Pain
Skin infections including cold sores
Relief of Stiffness, the Promotion of Muscle Relaxation, and Cell Restoration

Wound Management  including Skin Ulcers, Pressure Sores and Burns. 

Soft Tissue Injuries including Sprains and Strains, Tendonitis and Haematomas.

Joint Disorders and Conditions including Arthritic Pain Relief and Tenosynovitis.

Chronic pain including Trigeminal Neuralgia and Chronic Neck and Back pain.

Cold Laser Therapy is used at our clinic for pain relief and treatment of ligament and tendon injuries, muscle sprains by reducing pain and accelerating the healing process.

 A further 32 types of Injuries and conditions, diseases and pain can be viewed, in our 3D animated educational videos section for various Back and spinal Injuries section, such exaples are (1) Sciatica (2) Degenerative disc (3) Herniated disc (4) Facet Joints (5) Scoliosis(6) Kyphosis, Posture (7) Back Neck and Pain Decompression (they can be found under the listing”Types of Pain” in our “Back Pain” Section, 3D Injuries educational animated videos are also available for Neck (TMJ. Whiplash WAD Injuries) Shoulder (Rotator Cuff Injuries) Wrist, (Carpal Tunnel and RSI ) Hip and Heel Pain (Plantar fasciitis) and Injuries in their various named pain sections).

For Injuries and the management of Pain, here at Central  Chiropractic and Physiotherapy Clinic we use the latest Low Level Lasers which accelerate the recovery and healing process, leading to a significant reduction in pain inflammation. A 5 star rating has been awarded to Low Level Laser Therapy, our laser section can be found listed under ”Pain Relief”, please also view our  ”Low level Laser Testimonial Video”. 

Injuries

Soft Tissue Injuries.

Cold or Low level laser therapy for Pain Relief and Recovery for Ligaments.  Muscle tears and Sprains. Nerves, Tendonitis, Neck Back, Shoulders, Biceps, Triceps, and Knee, Hip, Foot Pain Injuries and Conditions.

The Cold Lasers (LLLT) used at Central Chiropractic Clinic are certified as Cold Laser.  For the past 30 years the technology of Cold Laser Therapy (also known as Low Level Laser Therapy) has been formally accepted in North America and in many other parts of the world such as Europe, including Russia and Japan.  In all this time there have been no recorded long-term adverse effects from its use.  It is considered to be non-invasive, painless and safe.

Cold Laser Therapy uses laser light energy to stimulate cells to function optimally.  Cold Laser Therapy is similar to photosynthesis in plants; sunlight is absorbed by the plant and converted into energy the plant can utilize for growth.  In the body light sensitive chromophores and other elements within the cell absorb energy, initiating a series of important photochemical changes such as increased production of nitric oxide, singlet oxygen and ATP, as well as, an increase in the cell membrane’s permeability.  The mitochondria and Kreb’s Cycle stimulation initiates the production of ATP, providing the cell with the extra energy needed to accelerate the healing process and positively influence pain.  The additional energy and effects result in normalization of the cell function when cell function is impaired.  These activities can occur in all types of cells and includes ligament, nerves, cartilage, and muscle.

Cold Laser Therapy (LLLT) is a Handheld, non invasive, light-emitting medical device which is used over different areas of the body. It provides an unmatched advantage in the treatment of conditions such as:

Athletic and sports injuries

Soft Tissue Injuries including Fractures, Sprains and Strains, Tendonitis, conditions and disorder

Shoulders, Biceps, Triceps, Muscle Tears, Rotator Cuff Injuries.

Knee, ligaments, Runners Knee, Bursitis, conditions and Disorders

Hip Pain, Sacroiliac Joint Inflammation

Foot, Heel Ankle Pain and injuries

Achilles Tendonitis,

Plantar Fasciitis

Back Pain, Lower Back Pain

Slipped disc, Prolapsed disc, Herniated disc, 

Trapped Nerve

Sacroiliac Joint inflammation 

Whiplash (WAD), Neck Pain and Injury

Athletic Injuries

Lower Back Pain
Knee, Heel and Foot Pain
Shoulder Injury
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Arthritic pain relief

Muscle Spasm and Relief of Muscle and Joint Pain

Skin infections

Wound Management including Skin Ulcers, Pressure Sores and Burns

Soft Tissue Injuries including Sprains and Strains, Tendonitis and Haematomas

Joint Disorders including Arthritic pain relief and Tenosynovitis

Chronic pain such as Trigeminal Neuralgia and Chronic Neck and Back pain.

A further 32 different types of Injury, conditions or diseases can be viewed in our 3D animated educational videos section for various Back Pain Injury and conditions such as (1) Sciatica (2) Degenerative disc (3) Herniated disc (4) Facet Joints (5) Scoliosis(6) Kyphosis, Posture (7) Back Neck and Pain Decompression (they can be found under the listing”Types of Pain” in our “Back Pain” Section, 3D Injury educational animated videos are also available for Neck (TMJ. Whiplash WAD Injury) Shoulder (Rotator Cuff Injury) Wrist, (Carpal Tunnel and RSI ) Hip and Heel Pain (Plantar fasciitis) and Injury in their various named pain sections).

For an Injury and the management of Pain, here at Central  Chiropractic and Physiotherapy Clinic we use the latest Low Level Lasers which accelerate the recovery and healing process, leading to a significant reduction in pain inflammation. A 5 star rating has been awarded to Low Level Laser Therapy, our laser section can be found listed under ”Pain Relief”, please also view our  ”Low level Laser Testimonial Video”. 

Injury

Neck Pain “Whiplash” (WAD) Shoulder Pain and Upper and Lower Back Pain. Cold or Low Level Laser Therapy for Pain Relief and Recovery.

Neck Shoulder and Upper Back Pain.

People do not realize how much they move their neck,  until they are unable to do so.  The neck has the least amount of muscular  stabilization to support and move your head, which makes it very susceptible to injury. It doesn’t take much force to disrupt that fine balance.

The spinal cord passes through a space in the vertebrae sending nerve impulses to every part of the body. Between each pair of cervical vertebrae, the spinal cord sends bundles of nerves that pass down the arms and to the upper back, and if your arm is hurting, it may be a problem in the neck! Symptoms in the arms can include numbness, tingling, cold, aching, and “pins and needles”.

The neck can also contribute to headaches, muscle spasms in the shoulders and upper back, ringing ears, otitis media (inflammation in the middle ear, temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMJ or jaw joint). Dysfunction of the neck also causes restricted range of motion and chronic tightness in the upper back.

Causes of Neck and Upper Back Pain. 

Neck and upper back pain is caused by a combination of factors, including injury, poor posture, stress, and disc problems.

Injuries

The most common injury to the neck is a “whiplash”(WAD) injury. “Whiplash”(WAD) is caused by a sudden movement of the head.

( View our “ Neck Pain an Whiplash” (WAD) section listed under “Types of Pain”) 

Much more common causes of neck pain and headaches are poor posture. It’s easy to get into bad posture habits, can eventually lead to pain and headaches. The rule is simple: keep your neck in a “neutral” position whenever possible. Don’t bend or hunch your neck forward for extended periods. Also, do not to sit in one position for extended period of time. If you must sit for an extended period, make sure your posture is good: Keep your head in a neutral position, make sure your back is always supported, and keep your knees slightly lower than your hips.

Stress

When people become stressed, they unconsciously contract their muscles, Particular the muscles in their back. This ‘Muscle guarding’ or Defence posture is a response designed to guard against injury. Muscle guarding occurs whenever we become emotionally stressed. The area’s most affected are the muscles of the neck, upper back and low back.

Disc Herniations 

Discs in your neck may herniated or bulge and put pressure on the nerves that lead from the spine into your shoulders, arms and hands. Although cervical discs do not bulge nearly as often as lumbar discs do, they occasionally can still get damaged especially when damage sustained from a “whiplash” (WAD) injury

( Cold or Low Level Laser Therapy Section Listed under “Pain Relief” .) 

Lower Back Pain. 

Sprained ligaments, strained muscles, ruptured discs, trigger points and inflamed joints are the many of different conditions that can result in low back pain. While sports injuries or accidents can lead to an injury and pain, sometimes even the simplest movements, like picking up a pencil from the floor, can have painful results. In addition, conditions such as poor posture, stress, arthritis, kidney stones and kidney infections, can be the cause of low back pain.

There may be many other things that can cause low back pain, and some of those things can be serious if left untreated. Physiotherapists are able in diagnosing the cause and determining a proper course of treatment for low back pain. Following are some of the most common causes.

Subluxations

When a disruption in the normal movement or position of the vertebrae occurs it results in pain and inflammation. In the lumbar spine these occur at the transition between the lower spine and the sacrum. Subluxations can lead to debilitating low back pain, however, subluxations are easily treatable and there is often a significant reduction in pain experienced almost immediately after treatment.

Disc Herniations

A herniated disc does not automatically mean that you may suffer from low back pain. In one study almost 60% of all adults had at least one bulging or herniated disc, even though they did not experienced any back pain. However, herniated discs can be a source of severe and debilitating pain, which may radiate to other areas of the body. Unfortunately, when a disc herniates, they rarely, completely heal. Further deterioration can be avoided through Physiotherapy, but a complete recovery is less common.

Sprains, Strains and Spasms

Sprains strains and spasms, are the most common source of low back pain. Overworking the muscles or ligaments of the low back may lead to tears in the tissues, which become painful, swollen and may even ache, with a tightening to the area affected.

Stress

When you become stressed your body responds by increasing the levels of stress hormones leading to the rise of blood pressure and heart rate and tightening up of your muscles. By becoming stressed all the time your muscles will become weak and painful loaded with trigger points.

Shoulder sprains may be caused by:  

• · Falling on an outstretched arm 
• · Blow or twisting of the arm 
• · A blow to the shoulder   

Risk factors that increase your chances of spraining your shoulder include:   

• playing sports
• poor coordination
• poor balance
• inadequate flexibility and strength of the muscles and ligaments
• loose joints

Shoulder Sprains Symptoms include: 

• tenderness, pain and swelling around the joint
• bruising around shoulder
• increase in pain on shoulder movement
• restricted and painful joint movement
• redness, warmth or bruising around shoulder

 The Therapist will ask about your symptoms and how you injured your shoulder, then will examine your shoulder to assess the stability of the joint and the severity of the injury.  

Diagnostic tests can include     

• x-rays
• magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan – to see the extend of the damage to the soft tissues of the shoulder (rarely needed)

Shoulder sprains are graded according to their severity:  

• Grade1: stretching and micro-tearing of ligaments and capsular tissue
• Grade2: partial tearing of ligament and capsular tissue causing mild instability of the joint
• Grade3: severe or complete tearing of ligament and capsular tissue, significant instability of the joint

 Treatment Options:  

• rest: avoid using injured arm
• Ice: apply ice or cold pack to the shoulder for 15-20 minutes 4 times per day fir at least 2 to 3 days. This helps to reduce pain and swelling. Wrap the ice or cold pack in a towel. Do not apply ice directly onto the skin
• brace or sling to immobilize your arm and shoulder. If you play sport you may need to wear the shudder brace when returning to play
• Cold or low level laser therapy is very effective in managing this type of injury by reducing inflammation and reducing healing time.   
• medication to help reduce inflammation and pain:

                         Ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil) 

                          Naroxen (Aleve, Nasporyn) 

                          Acetaminophen (Tylenol) 

                          Aspirin 

The scapula

The scapula is of triangular shape and mobile. It’s also protected by a complex system of surrounding muscles. The shoulder blade or scapula fractures are very rare. Scapular fractures are usually classified at the high end of the impact scale. Falling from a significant height or a major car accident are usually the types of impact that required the scapula to fracture and is usually associated with other major injuries including broken ribs, damage to the head, lugs or spinal cord. Without treatment fractured scapula may result in chronic shoulder pain. 

Symptoms

• Abrasions to the skin.
• Swelling at the back of the shoulder.
• Sever pain when moving the arm.             

Diagnosis

For appropriate treatment, your Chiropractor will probably need to take X-rays of the chest and shoulder. This can determine if one or more parts of the scapula may be fractured. The parts of the scapula that are prone to fracture are:  

• Scapular body
• Scapular neck
• Glenoid 
• Acromion
• Coracoid

Treatment

Non-surgical treatment such as sling works for most fractures of the scapula. The immobilization due to the sling holds the shoulder in place while the bone heals. This type of fractures may need 2 to 6 weeks of immobilization.

The shoulder may feel stiff when the sling is removed, then you should begin limited active use of your shoulder immediately 

A Five Star Therapy for Pain Relief and Healing

Cold/Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT)

Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) has a 5 star rating for soft tissue injuries, conditions and inflammation.  Low Level Laser Therapy is a handheld, non-invasive, light-emitting medical device which is used over different areas of the body. It provides an unmatched advantage in the treatment of conditions such as;

Scapula and Collarbone fractures

Athletic and sports Injuries, Soft tissue injuries including Sprains and Strains, Tendonitis and Haematomas

Lower leg (calf pain) inflammation, Shin splints, Hamstring, Achilles tendonitis, Bursitis, conditions and disorders

Ankle sprains, injury, and fractures, inflammation conditions and disorders

Heel and foot injury, pain, Bursitis, Achilles Tendonitis, Plantar fasciitis, conditions and disorders

Knee pain, injuries, tears, ligament, Tendon injury, ruptures, Runners Knee, inflammation, Bursitis, conditions and disorders

Shoulder injury, pain, Shoulder tears, fractures inflammation, Tenosynovitis ,Tendonitis, Bursitis, conditions such as frozen shoulder, and disorders

Neck injury,  Neck Pain, Neck sprain, Whiplash   injury.

Back Injury,   Lower back pain, Sciatica, slipped discs,  prolapsed disc, herniated / bulging discs, Trapped nerves and inflammation.

Elbow, Wrist and Hand injury, Tendonitis, inflammation, fractures, conditions and disorders, such as Tennis Elbow,(Golfers Elbow) Carpal Tunnel Syndrome,

Hip injury and pain, Sacroiliac Joint inflammation, groin and thigh strain (pull), sports hernia, Hip Bursitis/Tendonitis, Trochanteric Bursitis, conditions and disorders

Muscle sprain and spasms, Cramps, Joint Pain and stiff Joints.

Pain Relief  including  Arthritic pain relief.

Wound Management including Skin Ulcers, Pressure Sores and Burns, Skin infections

Chronic pain such as Trigeminal Neuralgia and Chronic Neck and Back pain.

Safety

Low level laser therapy (LLLT) is not harmful. Lasers used for tissue stimulation have insufficient strength to damage cells. 30 years of clinical studies and clinical use have shown no adverse effects whatsoever.

The Advantages of Low Intensity Laser Therapy

• Non-invasive
• Non-toxic
• Easily applied
• Highly effective
• Cure rate > 95%
• No known negative side effects

Mechanism of Action

Therapeutic lasers work by supplying energy to the body in the form of photons of light. The tissues and cells then absorb this energy, where it is used to accelerate the normal rate of tissue healing.

Therapeutic Benefits of Laser Therapy:

• Anti-inflammatory Action: Laser light reduces swelling, leading to decreased pain, less stiffness, and a faster return to normal joint and muscle function.
• Rapid Cell Growth: Laser light accelerates cellular reproduction and growth.
• Faster Wound Healing: Laser light stimulates fibroblast development and accelerates collagen synthesis in damaged tissue.
• Reduced Fibrous Tissue Formation: Laser light reduces formation of scar tissue, leading to more complete healing, with less chance of weakness and re-injury later.
• Increased Vascular Activity: Laser light increases blood flow to the injured area.
• Stimulated Nerve Function: Laser light speeds nerve cell processes which may decrease pain and numbness associated with nerve-related conditions.

Frequency of Treatments

While some patients get immediate results, others require 6-12 treatments before seeing a lasting effect. Less severe or acute injuries will require fewer treatments than chronic or severe conditions.

Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) Applications, Case Studies and Low Level Laser Research with some Worldwide Clinical Studies are presented below:

Musculoskeletal pain syndromes, both chronic and acute.Cold/Low level laser therapy (LLLT)has been shown to be effective in a variety of musculoskeletal conditions and associated pain presentations.In Rheumatoid Arthritis, LLLT can benefit not only the pain of acute small joint inflammation but also the chronic pain.In a review article on rheumatology (3), some 18 papers were considered. All studies involved double-blind trials with LLLT in chronic rheumatoid, and reported significant improvement in pain (80% success rate in relieving pain). Upon comparing LLLT to a similar rate of pain attenuation using anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), the LLLT was free of any side-effects while 20% of patients treated with NSAIDs suffered unacceptable side-effects of medication . In another study of 170 patients with rheumatoid arthritis using LLLT (4), pain attenuation of up to 90% was noted.Trellis et al (6) used LLLT for osteoarthritis of the knee in 40 patients. He reported a significant reduction of 82% of the patients with improved joint mobility. Among 36 randomized patients, with pain caused by cervical osteoarthritis, those who received Infra-Red and Low Level Laser treatment improved 75% compared with the group receiving mock treatment (31%) . Similarly, a study of 60 patients with Cervical Osteoarthritis, Low Pulsed Laser was successful in relieving pain and in improving function.
The results of a study show that cervical myofascial pain is significantly improved at 3-month with Diode laser . A similar successful LLLT treatment has been described for whiplash injuries.In a randomized study with 30 patients with supraspinatus or bicipital tendonitis, the results demonstrated the effectiveness of laser therapy in tendonitis of the shoulder . Another study with a patient population (n = 324), with either medial epicondylitis (Golfer’s elbow; n = 50) or lateral epicondylitis (Tennis elbow; n = 274), and randomly allocated, provides further evidence of the efficacy of LLLT in the management of lateral and medial epicondylitis .

Treatment with low-level laser therapy (LLLT) was shown effective in treating Carpal Tunnel Syndrome pain. Another study, significant decreases in McGill Pain Questionnaire scores, median nerve sensory latency, and Phalen and Tinel signs were observed after treatment series with Low Level Laser Therapy. Patients could perform their previous work  .

In acute trauma there is a soft tissue injury comprising swelling, haematoma, pain and reduced mobility. Sporting injuries and domestic accidents usually involve damage to muscles, joint ligaments and tenclass. In the absence of bone fracture or other injury demanding priority treatment, LLLT should be instituted at the earliest opportunity. Kumar reported a comparative study in 50 patients with inversion injuries of the ankle. He found that compared to conventional physiotherapy, the LLLT treated patients showed a more rapid resolution of symptoms and an earlier return to full weight-bearing .

Fibromyaliga (FM) is characterized by widespread pain in the body, associated with particular tender points. It is often accompanied by disturbed sleep patterns, fatigue, headaches, irritable bowel and bladder syndrome, morning stiffness, anxiety and depression. FM can cause a high level of functional disability and have a significantly negative effect on quality of life. One study suggests that “Laser Therapy is effective on pain, muscle spasm, morning stiffness, fatigue, depression and total tender point number in Fibromyalgia”.

A randomized controlled study with 63 with non-radiating low back pain showed that LLLT significantly improved pain and function.

In summary, the bulk of published work to date supports the use of LLLT for treatment of a variety of musculoskeletal conditions and associated pain. Moreover, the LLLT proved to be not only more effective than conventional methods, but more economical as well. The added advantage of absence of side effects, non-invasive nature of therapy and the ease of application, ensures good patient acceptance of the treatment modality.

Low Intensity Laser Therapy (LILT) for Head, Neck and Facial Pain.

Prof P.F. Bradley

The clinical application of low incident power density laser radiation for the treatment of acute and chronic pain is now a well established procedure. This paper reviews the currently available English speaking literature and summarises a selection of serious scientific papers which report a beneficial effect following the treatment of a wide variety of acute and chronic syndromes whose main presenting symptom is pain.

Head and Neck Clinical Applications of LILT

LILT is proving useful in a wide variety of painful conditions in the Head and Neck but the following are particular applications:

  1. TM Joint Pain Dysfunction

  2. Post Herpetic Neuralgia

  3. Trigeminal Neuralgia

  4. Painful Ulcerative Conditions

  5. Pain of Advanced Oro Facial Cancer

 The above information has been suppled by Quantum Healing Lasers .Com

  The Ability of Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) to Mitigate Fibromyalgic Pain.

  The CFIDS Chronicle Physicians’ Forum Fall 1993

  Douglas Ashendorf, MD, FAAPMR Newark, New Jersey

Physiotherapist Shows Lasers Relieve Pain.

A physiotherapist at Royal Brisbane Hospital (Australia) recently received a PhD from the University of Queensland for demonstrating that laser treatment prompts the release of endorphins into the bloodstream. Endorphins are a type of natural morphine that dulls pain. Physiotherapist Liisa Laakso studied the effects of lasers on 56 people who suffered myofascial pain syndrome, a chronic hypersensitivity often secondary to a person’s primary painful affliction, such as arthritis. Previous experiments linking endorphin release and lasers have only been done on rats.

In the study, Laakso applied different doses and wavelengths of a laser diode to “trigger points” on the body and took blood samples measuring endorphin levels in these subjects and a control group. The control group reported some pain relief – most likely a placebo effect – but endorphins were present. Those patients that underwent laser treatment reported pain reduction of up to 78%, and endorphins were present in their blood.

THERMOGRAPHIC STUDY OF LOW LEVEL LASER   THERAPY FOR ACUTE-PHASE INJURY.

 Yoshimi Asagai, M.D.1, Atsuhiro Imakiire, M.D.2, Toshio Ohshiro, M.D.3,  1. Shinano Handicapped Children`s Hospital Shimosuwa, Nagano, Japan    2. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan     3. Japan Medical Laser Laboratory, Shinanomachi, Tokyo, Japan. 

Acute-phase injury is generally treated by localized cooling of the region, and rarely by theactive use of low level laser therapy (LLLT) in Japan. Thermographic studies of acutephase injury revealed that circulatory disturbances at the site of trauma occurred due to swelling and edema on the day following the injury, and that skin temperature was high at the site of the trauma and low at the periphery. Following LLLT, circulatory disturbances rapidly improved, while temperature in the high temperature zone around the site of trauma fell by 3 degrees on the average, but at the periphery the low temperature rose by 3 degrees on the average to nearly normal skin temperature. Clinically, swelling and edema improved. LLLT was also useful in treating necrosis of the skin in the wound area and in accelerating healing of surgical wounds of paralytic feet, which are prone to delayed, wound healing and also wounds due to spoke injury. LLLT is useful in treating swelling and edema in acutephase injury and in accelerating healing of surgical wounds.